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Protection of the internal carotid artery during surgery for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University
2019, 33 (2):
21-25.
DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2019.071
Internal carotid artery bleeding is a common complication during or after surgery for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and may result in hemiplegia or death. Internal carotid artery bleeding can also occur after radiotherapy. Prevention and management of this complication are of utmost importance for patient survival and quality of life. This article reviews the recent advances and reports our experience in the management of internal carotid artery bleeding. We also discuss the surgical options for extended resection of the tumor.
Table 1
Surgical efficacy of relapsed patients
Extracts from the Article
鼻咽癌是我国常见的头颈部恶性肿瘤之一,绝大多数鼻咽癌病例分布在东南亚,发病人群主要集中在中国居民和华裔。我国华南和香港地区发病率最高。根据中国2015年癌症统计年报显示,鼻咽癌每年发病率是60.3/10万,疾病死亡率为每年34.1/10万[1]。鼻咽癌分为角化型鳞状细胞癌、非角化型鳞状细胞癌和基底样鳞状细胞癌,亚洲地区及人种以第二种为主。非角化型癌占据了鼻咽癌中的绝大部分,包括分化型和未分化型,对放疗较其他肿瘤更为敏感。放疗一直是早期鼻咽癌的首选治疗手段。随着医学的发展和恶性肿瘤综合治疗手段的进步,鼻咽癌的5年生存率从最初的15%提高到了目前的59%~76.1%[2-4],与之伴随而来的是放疗后复发的晚期鼻咽癌患者群体的不断增加(10%~20%)[5-6]。而外科手术是治疗放疗后复发或残留肿瘤的主要手段。为了争取全部切除残留肿瘤和放射性组织(骨骼和软组织)坏死,并进而改善这部分患者的生活质量,延长其生存期,来自不同机构的外科医生做出了巨大的努力,在保证手术安全的前提下不断突破手术的禁忌证,扩大手术切除的范围,取得较好的效果,见表1。对晚期鼻咽癌,尤其对于放疗后残留、复发的患者,以及对放射治疗不敏感的病例,手术扩大切除是一种积极有效的根治性手段。
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