Table of Content

16 April 2011 Volume 25 Issue 2

  

Articles

Application of the micro-movement sensitive mattress sleep monitoring  system in 233 suspected sleep disorder patients

ZHOU Shi-tong, HOU Qun, CUI Zhen-ying, WANG Ling, WU Qian-jiao，DENG Ze-hai

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  4-6. 

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Objective     To explore the clinical application of the micro-movement sensitive mattress sleep monitoring system (MSMSMS) in the diagnosis of sleep disorders. Methods     233 patients with suspected sleep disorders were tested with MSMSMS and the results were analyzed. Results    Of 233 patients with suspected sleep disorders, 71 cases (30.5%) were insomniacs. According to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI)， 31 (13.3%) were normal and 202 (86.7%) were OSAHS, in which the types of central sleep apnea or other were undetermined. Conclusion     MSMSMS can sensitively and accurately determine the sleep respiratory events and monitor the real-time changes of cardiac rhythm and blood oxygen saturation. MSMSMS shows many advantages, such as low physical and psychological load index and low insomnia rate and so on. It can be easily accepted by patients and widely used in clinics.

Correlation between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea  syndrome and  kidney damage

ZHANG Jin-hui, JIANG Guang-feng，LI Wei

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  7-9. 

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Objective    To study the correlation of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) with serum uric acid(UA), serum creatinine(Scr) and blood urea nitrogen(Bun) concentrations. Methods    100 patients with moderate and severe OSAHS and 44 control subjects admitted into our hospital were recruited. The differences of the levels of UA, Scr and Bun among each group were analyzed. Also, the correlations between the apnea hypopnea index (AHI), lowest saturation of blood oxygen (LSaO2) and UA, Scr, Bun were analyzed.  Results     The levels of UA and Scr were significantly higher in groups with moderate or severe OSAHS than those in the control group (P<0.05). UA was positively correlated with AHI (P<0.05), but negatively correlated with LSaO2 (P<0.05). Conclusion    Concentrations of UA and Scr increase with AHI and the degree of anoxemia in patients with moderate and severe OSAHS. High levels of UA and Scr demonstrate that OSAHS is to a certain extent associated with kidney damage. 

Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein in urine and serum amyloid A protein in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

ZHU Feng-juan1， FAN Xian-liang2， FENG Hui-wei2， ZHANG Hui2， JIA Tao2， ZHANG Hong-ping2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  10. 

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Objective     To investigate the Alzheimer associated neuronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) in urine and serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods     52 patients with OSAS were recruited as the experimental group, while eighteen healthy subjects with matched age and BMI were recruited as the control group. The AD7c-NTP and SAA specific monoclonal ELISA method was used to measure AD7c-NTP in morning urine and SAA in serum. In addition, correlations of AD7c-NTP and SAA between apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest arterial oxygen saturation (LSaO2) were analyzed. All data were processed in SPSS 17.0. Results    Compared with the control group, AD7c-NTP and SAA levels were significantly higher in the OSAS group（P＜0.05）. AD7c-NTP and SAA were positively correlated with AHI, but negatively correlated with LSaO2.  Conclusion     AD7c-NTP and SAA levels are significantly higher in OSAS patients and correlated with the degree of OSAS. Elevated AD7c-NTP and SAA level may contribute to some increased risks for SD (senile dementia) in OSAS patients.

Uvalopalatopharyngoplasty assisted with the ultracision harmonic scalpel

HOU Yan-peng， XU Zhen-ming， GUO Yin， CUI Xiao-feng， GU Quan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  13-15. 

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Objective      To evaluate the effectiveness of utracision harmonic scalpel assisted uvalopalatoparyngoplasty（UPPP） for OSAHS (obstructive sleep apnea and hyponea syndrome). Methods     Patients with OSAHS were randomly divided into two groups, with 20 cases in each group.  Group A was operated on with ultracision, while group B was operated on with the traditional method. Operative blood loss, the operation time, postoperative pain and complications were compared between two groups.  Results     The operative blood loss  and the operation time of group A were much less than in group B, while no difference in postoperative pain was found. Conclusion     The advantages of the ultracision scalpel assisted surgery consists of less operative blood loss and less operation time.

Effect and significance of the TGF-β1/Smad4 signaling system in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

LI Zhi-zhang1, LI Qin2, GENG Yu-yan3， SHAO Yang1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  16. 

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Objective     To explore the effect and significance of the TGF-β1 signaling system in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC). Methods    The immunohistochemical method was used to detect expression of TGF-β1, TβRII, and Smad4 in 44 cases of LSCC and 10 cases of normal laryngeal mucosa. Correlation between the results and LSCC progress and metastasis was analyzed. Results     The expression rate of TGF-β1 in the LSCC group was 68.2%, which was significantly different from the normal laryngeal mucosa group(30.0%, P<0.05), and the expression of TGF-β1 was associated with clinical stages and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). The positive expression rate of TβRII and Smad-4 was 40.9%, 34.1% in the LSCC group  and  80.0%, 80.0% in the normal laryngeal mucosa group(P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between TβRII and clinical stages (P<0.05), but no correlation between TβRII and lymph node metastasis（P>0.05）. There was a negative correlation between Smad4 and the clinical index(P<0.05),  including pathological differentiation, clinical stage and lymph node metastasis.  Conclusion    There is a significant correlation between the abnormal TGFβ1/Smad4 signaling system and LSCC progress. Low expression of Smad4 may accelerate lymph node metastasis of LSCC.

Expressions and clinical significances of osteopontin and p53 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues

CHEN Jian-qiu1,2, ZHU Min-hui1, QIU Xiao-xia1, XIA Si-wen1,YE Ben2, CHEN Shi-cai1, ZHENG Hong-liang1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  19-22. 

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 Objective    To study OPN and p53 expressions and detect their correlation and clinicopathological value in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and adjacent tissues. Methods     The SP immunohistochemical method was used to study the OPN and p53 expressions in routinely embedded sections of surgical specimens of 44 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas and adjacent tissues，and clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results    ①The positive rates of OPN and p53 protein were 75.0 %（33 cases）and 65.9%（29 cases）in LSCC, and 13.6%（6 cases）and 2.3%（1 case）in adjacent tissue respectively; ②The OPN expression level was significantly correlated with tumor stage, grade and the presence of lymph nodes, but was not correlated with age, gender and primary tumor site; ③Expression of OPN was positively correlated with that of p53(r＝0. 360，P＝0.016). Conclusions     OPN expression is higher in LSCC than in adjacent tissue, and may participate in the development and metastasis of LSCC. OPN might be an important biological marker in LSCC prognosis.

Expression of uPA and microvessel density correlate with invasion and  metastasis of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

WANG De-li， PAN Xin-liang， LEI Da-peng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  23-28. 

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Objective    To explore the difference between expressions of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and microvessel density (MVD) in cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) and to study their correlation with invasion and metastasis of HSCC. Methods    Expressions of uPA and MVD of 60 patients with HSCC and 20 cases of paraneoplastic tissues were detected with SP immunohistochemical staining. Results    The positive expression rate of uPA in patients with HSCC was 78.33%, which was significantly higher than that in paraneoplastic tissues(P<0.001).  uPA positive expression was closely correlated with clinical stage, pathological differentiation and lymph node metastases of hypopharyngeal carcinoma (P<0.05).  The MVD number was also correlated with clinical stage, pathological differentiation and lymph node metastases of hypopharyngeal carcinoma (P<0.05 or 0.01). Neither was significantly correlated with patient age and primary anatomic area of HSCC. Expression of uPA had a positive correlation with MVD(r=0.561，P<0.01) in patients with HSCC.The cervical lymph node metastatic rate in patients with uPA positive-expression and high MVD value was 90.91% (20/22), which was significantly higher than that in patients with uPA positive-expression but low MVD value (52.00%), and that in patients with uPA negativeexpression and low MVD value (30.77%) (χ2=9.538，P<0.05). Conclusion    Active angiogenesis and uPA positiveexpression are closely correlated with invasion and metastasis of HSCC. HSCC with uPA positive-expression and high MVD value are susceptible to invasion and cervical lymphatic metastasis. Therefore, uPA and the MVD number may be used as effective indices to evaluate the possibility of invasion and metastasis of HSCC．

Comparative study of newborn hearing screening between the neonatal intensive care unit and wellbaby nursery

ZHANG En-dong, LI Da-jian, MIAO Le-jie

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  29-31. 

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Objective    To investigate the hearing screening situation of newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and compare it with that of newborns in the well-baby nursery. Methods    Hearing screening was carried out in 927 newborns in the NICU and 16353 newborns in the well-baby nursery. All newborns were screened and re-screened with transient evoked otoacoustic emission. Positive cases were evaluated by a diagnostic audiology test. Results    28 cases of sensorineural deafness were founded in the NICU group, of which 11 had hyperbilirubinemias, 9 very low birth weight, 6 ischemic encephalopathy and 2 meningitis. The incidence rate of sensorineural deafness in the NICU group was 3.02% (28/927). There were 50 cases of sensorineural deafness in the wellbaby nursery group, of which 23 had intrauterine infection, 12 hyperbilirubinemias, 10 family history of hearing loss, 3 meningitis and 2 ototoxic drug contact history. The incidence rate of sensorineural deafness was 0.31% (50/16353). There was a significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05). Conclusions    The incidence rate of sensorineural deafness is obviously higher in the NICU group than the wellbaby nursery group. Hyperbilirubinemias, very low birth weight and ischemic encephalopathy are the main risk factors in the NICU group. Intrauterine infection, hyperbilirubinemias and family history of hearing loss are the main risk factors in the well-baby nursery group. More attention should be paid to newborn hearing screening in the NICU.

Analysis of intracapsular scratch method in treating  96 patients with pseudocyst of the auricle

CHEN Li-yan1, BAO Jing-chuan2, WANG Qiang3, SUN Yan3, SONG Xi-cheng3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  32. 

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Objective     To discuss the methodology and effect of intra-capsular scratching in treating pseudocyst of the auricle. Methods    96 patients with pseudocyst of the auricle (23 of them suffered relapses after being  treated with different  methods in other hospitals) underwent  intracapsular scratching, tapping, triamcinolone injection and washing as well as plaster casting. Results    After 6 to 12 months following-up, a satisfactory curative effect was obtained and no relapse, infection or ear deformity was found in 94 patients. 2 patients suffered a relapse 2 weeks and 3 weeks after the treatment respectively, and were cured after a second intracapsular scratching. Conclusions   The intracapsular scratching method has less trauma, and full intracapsular scratching can destroy the inwall, decrease the effusion, and ensure adhesions between the inner walls.

Therapeutic effect of intact bone external auditory canal myringoplasty on patients with cholesteatoma tymapanitis

ZHANG Kai-chang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  34-36. 

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Objective    To discuss the influence of intact bone external auditory canal myringoplasty on the reconstruction of osseous external auditory canal and hearing, drying ear and some discomfort in the ear. Methods    72 cases of cholesteatoma tymapanitis from 2006 to 2010 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group: the open type of radical mastoidectomy and modified radical mastoidectomy was employed in the control group and the intact bone external auditory canal myringoplasty was adopted in the observation group，in which pathological tissue was completely resected  but the osseous external auditory canal was kept or reconstructed. Result    Compared with traditional radical mastoidectomy and modified radical mastoidectomy, the intact bone external auditory canal myringoplasty had better and more distinct effect on improving hearing, drying ear and eliminating uncomfortable symptoms after operation. Conclusion     The operation of keeping or reconstructing the osseous external auditory canal has significant effect on improving hearing, drying ear as early as possible and eliminating uncomfortable symptoms.

Effects of macrophage inflammatory protein-3α/CCL20 production by  interleukin-17 in  nasal polyp epithelial cells

ZHANG Min, XIA Li-jun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  37-40. 

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Objective     To explore the effects of macrophage inflammatory protein-3α/CCL20 production by interleukin-17 in nasal polyp epithelial cells. Methods        Epithelial cell lines,which were established from nasal polyps, were stimulated by culture medium, IL-17.The amount of MIP-3α/CCL20 in the supernatants was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MIP-3α/CCL20 mRNA expression was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results    Expression levels of MIP-3α/CCL20 in nasal polyps were significantly increased compared with those only in the culture medium. IL-17 induced MIP-3α/CCL20 production by nasal polyp epithelial cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Conclusions    Nasal polyp epithelial cells, by producing MIP-3α/CCL20, which can be induced by Interleukin-17, may play an important role in the recruitment of T cells and DCs in nasal polyps.

SELDI protein-chip technology for identification of different protein expression in serum between allergic rhinitis and nasal polyposis patients

CHEN Min, LI Na

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  41-44. 

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Objective    To study the different serum protein spectrums of  allergic rhinitis, nasal polyposis and healthy controls. Methods    Differentially expressed proteins were detected by SELDI-TOF-MS technology and WCX2 proteinchip, and primarily analyzed by a related software. Results    138 differentially expressed protein peaks were detected in allergic rhinitis and nasal polyposis patients, among which 17 were significantly different(P<0.01) in allergic rhinitis patients, 23 were significantly different (P<0.01) in nasal polyposis patients, and 6 protein peaks were significantly different in both groups. Conclusion    There are differentially expressed proteins in allergic rhinitis and nasal polyposis patients.

Effect of the costimulatory  pathway  OX40 /OX40L  on  pathogenesis of allergic  rhinitis  in  mice

LI Wei1, GAN Min1, LIU Shang-yao1, ZHU Feng-hua1, DU Ming1, ZHAO Jian-dong2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  45-47. 

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Objective    To  evaluate  the  role of another costimulatory pathway OX40/OX40  ligand(L)   in  pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis in  mice. Methods    30 mice were divided into three groups: the control group, the allergic rhinitis group, and the OX40LmAb interfere group. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine expression of OX40 in the first two groups.  IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ in the peripheral blood were analyzed by ELISA. Results    OX40 showed a strong expression in the epithelium, glandular epithelium cells, vascular endotheliocytes and CD4+T cells. OX40 was mainly expressed in cytomembrance and cytoplasm, while OX40 was a stained a little in the control group. There was a statistically significant deviation between the allergic rhinitis and control groups (P<0.05).  Compared with the control group, the allergic rhinitis group had higher IL-4 and IL-10 levels and lower IFN-γ level in peripheral blood (P<0.05). Compared with the allergic rhinitis group, the OX40LmAb interfere group had lower IL-4 level and higher IFN-γ level in peripheral blood(P<0.05). Conclusion    OX40/OX40L plays an important role in pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis in mice.

Nasal septal reconstruction in treatment of allergic rhinitis

GAN Wei-gang1, HONG Yu-ming2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  48-50. 

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Objective    To observe the effect of nasal septal reconstruction in treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) with nasal septal deviation. Method    260 cases of AR with nasal septal deviation were  treated by nasal septal resconstruction, 22 of whom were also treated by partial inferior tubinectomy. Results    According to the treatment response assessment standard of the Chinese Society of Otorhinolaryngology, 187 cases (72%) had marked effect, 49 cases(19%) had effect, and 24 cases(9%) had no effect, and thus the total effective rate was 91%. 15 cases(6%) recurred after being followed up for  1～2 years. Conclusion    Nasal septal reconstruction can destroy the nasal reflect and sneezing reflect receptor of the anterior part of the nasal interior and exterior wall, lower the trigger point of the attack of AR, lower the excitability of the nasal vagus nerve, ease vasodilatation, and reduce glandular secretion. The operation is safe and effective in the treatment of AR.

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AI Wen-bin1, XIAO Xia1, LUO Zhi-qiang1, QIU Yuan-zheng2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  51-53. 

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Objective    To observe  the effect of radio-frequency ablation with lateral fracture in treatment of chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. Methods    105 cases were treated by radio-frequency tissue ablation with lateral fracture. The visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was measured before the treatment and 6 months after operation. Recovery and complications such as mycteroxerosis,nose bleeding,and adherence were observed during a 6-month follow-up period. Results    The pre-operative VAS score of nasal obstruction was 8.31±0.78 but decreased to 2.59±0.95 after the operation.The difference of VAS scores before and after the operation was statistically significant (P<0.01). Dry sensation occurred in 5 cases.  Conclusions    Radio-frequency  ablation with lateral fracture resulted in less intra-operative bleeding and mucosa damage, and a significant reduction in post-operative pain and complications.

Applied anatomy of endoscopic frontal sinus surgery  through the nasal septum

MA Jun-wei, LIU Ting-ting, ZHANG Nian-kai

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  54-56. 

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Objective    To discuss the anatomy of endoscopic frontal sinus surgery through the nasal septum.    Method    Adjacent anatomical structures of the nasal septum and the frontal sinus were measured on 30 adult cadaveric heads fixed by formalin.    Results    The intersection formed by the pars perpendiculars and horizontal part of the middle nasal concha, which corresponded to the nasal septum was called the M point. The horizontal distance from the M point to the nasal bone was（20.07±6.21）mm,  the distance from the M point to the anterior extremity of the frontal sinus was (27.59±7.71)mm,  from the M point to the posterior extremity of the frontal sinus was (25.35±6.69) mm, and from the root of the middle nasal concha to the first fila olfactoria was （5.53±1.41)mm. The anteroposterior diameter of the proximal wall of the frontal sinus was (7.62±2.45)mm, the coronary diameter of  the proximal wall of the frontal sinus was (9.41±3.37)mm, the transvasal diameter of the septum of the frontal sinus was (16.97±3.23)mm, and the anteroposterior diameter of the septum of the frontal sinus was(12.34±2.23)mm. The root of the middle nasal concha attachment with the skull base and the first fila olfactoria angled at 65 degree.    Conclusion    The top front of the nasal septum is connected to the fundus of the frontal sinus,  both the M point and the first fila olfactoria are important safety signs of endoscopic frontal sinus surgery through the nasal septum. Frontal sinus surgery through the nasal septum is feasible.

Endoscopic transnasal dacryocystorhinostomy on  complicated chronic dacryocystitis

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  57. 

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Objective    To discuss the clinical effect of endoscopic transnasal dacryocystorhinostomy on complicated chronic dacryocystitis. Methods    12 cases(14 eyes) underwent this operation by local hormones and irrigation of the lacrimal passage. Results    During post-operative follow-up from 6 months to 3 years, 11 eyes were cured,1 eye was improved and 2 eyes were not cured. The curative rate was 78.6%, the improvement rate was 7.1%, and the total effective rate was 85.7%.  No serious complications occurred. Conclusion    Compared to the traditional method, this method has advantages of better operative view，less damage，better effect and quicker recovery.

Therapeutic effect of endoscopic sinus surgery on cyst of the  nasal sinus with an image navigation system

JIANG Shao-hong, SONG Xi-cheng, ZHANG Qing-quan, ZHU Yu-hong, SUN Yan, ZHANG Hua, WANG Qiang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  60-62. 

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Objective    To discuss the methodology and advantage of endoscopic sinus surgery on cyst of the nasal sinus with an image navigation system. Methods    121 patients with cyst of the nasal sinus underwent the operation. Among them, 12 were diagnosed as maxillary sinus mucinous cyst, 5 maxillary mucosal antral sinus, 43 ethmoid mucinous cyst, 29 mucocele of the frontal sinus，and 32 mucocele of the sphenoid sinus. All surgical procedures were done with general anesthesia, and pinpoint positioning was done using a navigation system. The probe or suction unit was calibrated when needed, and the cyst was partly or fully removed by the shortest path with the help of an endoscope and a navigation system. Results    All the operations were done with minimal trauma and no complications occurred. Conclusions    A navigation system in combination with a sinus endoscope is helpful in locating a cyst of the nasal sinus with minimal trauma, increasing the curative effect and avoiding complications.

Application of image navigation in maxillary sinus surgery  for benign pathological bone lesions

SUN Yan, SONG Xi-cheng, ZHANG Qing-quan, ZHANG Hua, LIU Zhong-lu, WANG Qiang, JIANG Shao-hong, LIU Fei-fei

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  63. 

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Objective    To explore and evaluate the surgical treatment of maxillary sinus benign pathological bone lesions under an image navigation system. Methods    The clinical data of 8 cases of maxillary sinus benign pathological bone lesions from October 2005 to January 2010 in our department were retrospectively analyzed. 64 slice CT three-dimensional imaging was used for diagnosis, and the Caldwell-Luc procedure and endoscopic fenestration with an image guided system were used in the operations. Results    Of the 8 cases, 3 were diagnosed as fibrous hyperplasia of the bone and 5 osteoma; 6 were operated by the Caldwell-Luc procedure and 2 by endoscopic fenestration from the meatus nasi inferior. All the pathological lesions were removed by electric drill. With more than half a year follow-up, 7 cases were gradually free from the symptoms of headache, nasal obstruction and purulent nasal discharge. But 1 patient with fibrous hyperplasia of bone reoccurred, and after being operated twice, a mount of sequestra was taken out of the maxillary sinus which was due to the failure of clearing them out in the first operation. All the patients were healed without serious complications after the operations. Conclusion     An image guided system in maxillary sinus surgery can be effectively used in locating and removing benign pathological bone lesions.

Relationship between the TRPV1 receptor and migraine in a nitroglycerin-induced rat model

XIONG Wen-ping1, HAN Yue-chen1, ZHU Xiao-feng1, LIU Wen-wen2, BAI Xiao-hui2, LI Jian-feng2, WANG Hai-bo1,2, FAN Zhao-min1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  71-76. 

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Objective    To investigate the transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) expressed in migraine rat triggered by nitroglycerin so as to explore the possible mechanism of migraine. Methods    24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group and the model group. The migraine rat model (model group) was established after subcutaneous injection of GTN (10mg/kg) in the neck while the control group had saline. After the model was established, the trigeminal ganglion and dura mater were obtained at 1,2,4,8 hours and expressions of mRNA and protein of TRPV1 were detected by RT-PCR, Western-blot and Indirect immunofluorescence. Results    In the control group, the positive reactions of TRPV1 receptor in the trigeminal ganglion were detected at all designated time points, but, no difference among the time points was found (P＞0.05). Compared with the control groups, the relative values of mRNA and protein in the trigeminal ganglion in the model groups were lower at 1h and 2h, but higher at 4h and 8h.  The surface protein TRPV1 receptor at 8 h in the trigeminal ganglion in model rats was higher than that in the control groups, and, similar expression was found in the dura mater. Conclusion   The alteration of TRPV1 receptor expression suggests that the TRPV1 receptor may play a role in the pathogenesis of migraine.

The clinical characteristics and perioperative management of  tracheobronchial foreign bodies in aged patients

GUO Ying, SUN Yan, SUN Wen-hai, CHEN Zhi-jun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  82-84. 

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Objective    To study the clinical characteristics and perioperative management for aged patients with tracheobronchial foreign bodies. Method    A retrospective analysis was performed on 9 aged patients with tracheobronchial foreign bodies. The clinical characteristics and perioperative management in these cases were summarized. Result    First doctor′s office visit in pulmonary medicine were found in 4 of 9 patients and 3 cases were transferred to the ENT department after being diagnosed by  fiberoptic bronchoscopy.In 7 cases,  foreign bobies were removed with  transoral bronchoscopy under topical anesthesia and balanced anesthesia. In the other 2 cases, the foreign bodies were removed with bronchoscopy through the  tracheostoma under topical anesthesia. No complication occurred. Conclusion    For the elderly, if  pulmonary infection is persistent or refractory to antibiotic treatment, tracheobronchial foreign bodies should be suspected. CT scan contributed to the diagnosis and bronchoscopy is the main therapy.

Clinical study of calcium dobesilate in the  treatment of diabetic retinopathy

JIN Hui-yu, HUANG Ping

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  87. 

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Objective    To observe the efficacy and safety of domestic calcium dobesilate in the treatment of background diabetic retinopathy(DR).  Methods    This was a selfcontrol trial.  The research purpose was to observe the change of the patients′ vision and eyeground in the condition of fudus fluorescein angiograms, and also to observe  hemorheological variation by biochemistry analyzer  in 50 patients after treatment. The 50 patients received oral domestic calcium dobesilate for 1m, 2m and 3m during the treatment.   Results    The hemorheological index of 50  patients decreased with different degrees ，including hematocrit (high shear rate and low shear rate) and blood viscosity.The therapeutic effective rate was 88%.There was no obvious discomfort or adverse reaction observed in the patients that accepted domestic calcium dobesilate tablets during 3 months.  Conclusions    Domestic calcium dobesilate is effective and safe in the treatment of DR.

Comparison of corneal thickness measurements using pentacam, orbscan II, and A-ultrasonic pachymetry in myopia

LEI Yu-lin1, ZHENG Xiu-yun1, DANG Guang-fu2, LIU Su-mei1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  89-91. 

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Objective    To compare the central corneal thickness measurements using pentacam，orbscanⅡand A-ultrasonic pachymeter in myopic eyes. Methods     Central corneal thickness was measured and analyzed with pentacam, orbscan II, and A-ultrasonics．Results     The mean central corneal thickness measured by pentacam，orbscanⅡ，and A-ultrasonics were (536.01±32.33) μm, (539.21±37.45)μm，and(535.39±31.46)μm，respectively. Significant difference was found between orbscanⅡ and pentacam or A-ultrasonic (P<0.001). No significant difference was found between pentacam and Aultrasonic(P=0.095). Positive relationships were found in the results of corneal thickness among the 3 methods．The correlation coefficient r of (orbscanpentacam)， (orbscan-A-ultrasonic), (pentacam-A-ultrasonic) were correpondinging 0.917，0.906，and  0.965. The regression equations were “orbscan(μm) = -30.699 +［1.0622 × pentacam(μm)］”, “orbscan(μm) =-38.599 + ［1.0792 × A-ultrasonic (μm)］”, and  “pentacam(μm) = 5.424 + ［0.9919 × A-ultrasonic (μm)］”. Conclusion    For central corneal thickness， pentacam is superior to A-ultrasonic， but  orbscan /pentacam and orbscan/A-ultrasonic are not substitutable for each other.

Clinical efficacy of dispersing wind and clearing heat method to treat  postoperative inflammatory reaction of anterior segment

YANG Mao-lan1, BI Hong-sheng2, XIE Xiao-feng3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2011, 25(2):  92-94. 

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Objective    To observe the clinical efficacy of dispersing wind and clearing heat method to treat postoperative inflammatory reaction of anterior segment. Methods    128 anterior segment surgical cases (including cataract/ secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation/glaucoma and trauma of eye) were included and randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group,  each group had of 64 cases. All patients were treated with regular anti-inflammatory medicines and corticosteroid eye-drops. In addition, the patients in the treatment group were treated with extra formula of dispersing wind and clearing heat.  Results    The inflammation after anterior segment performed was quickly contained and inflammation duration became shorter in the treatment group compared with the control group. The treatment efficacy between the two groups was significantly different. Conclusion    The formula of anterior segment performed is remarkably effective for inflammatory reaction of anterior segment postope.