Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 108-112.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2021.430

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Advances in the role of bone morphogenetic protein-4 in inner ear development and regeneration of hair and spiral ganglion cells

LI Zhen1,2,3, CUI Limei2,3,SUN Yan1,2,3   

  1. 1. The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China;
    2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China;
    3. Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
  • Published:2022-04-15

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Abstract: Hearing loss, the most common sensory defect in humans, involves the loss of hair cells(HCs)and spiral ganglion cells(SGCs). During the development of the inner ear, the specific and temporal expression of(bone morphogenetic protein-4, BMP4)regulates the expression of the Tsukushin and gender determination-related gene cluster 2 proteins and other cytokines. BMP4 interacts with the Wnt and Shh signaling pathways and is involved in the induction of ear vesicles, formation of vestibular and cochlear organs, and differentiation of HCs and SGCs. Furthermore, in recent years BMP4 has been found to play an important role in the regeneration of HCs and SGCs in both mammalian and non-mammalian cochlear explants. This study reviews the role of BMP4 in regulating inner ear development and inducing the regeneration of HCs and SGCs, as well as progress in related research, to lay a foundation for elucidating mechanisms related to regeneration and bring developing new strategies to treat hearing loss.

Key words: Bone morphogenetic protein-4, Inner ear development, Hair cells, Spiral ganglion cells

CLC Number: 

  • R764.3
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