Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 102-108.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2023.056

• Academic Discussion • Previous Articles    

Analysis of the association between the stomach and five orifices through gastroesophageal reflux disease

TANG Qiushuang, BAI Xinghua   

  1. School of Acu-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • Published:2024-06-04

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Abstract: Objective To use gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)to interpret the pathogenesis of the association between the stomach and the five orifices(mouth, tongue, nose, eyes, and ears)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Methods To analyze the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux-related conditions in the five orifices from the perspective of TCM, we examined modern medical literature for the disorders of the five orifices caused by gastroesophageal reflux, and ancient Chinese medical records and documents on the pathogenesis and association of GERD with the stomach and the five orifices. Results In modern medicine, the stomach is considered structurally connected to the five orifices; therefore, the regurgitation of its contents through the esophagus can cause diseases in these orifices. This pathogenesis is consistent with the abnormal flow of the spleen and stomach Qi in TCM. While TCM generally associates the five zang organs with the five orifices, it also associates the stomach with these orifices. Hence, an abnormal flow of the spleen and stomach Qi is the basic pathogenesis of GERD-related disorders of the five orifices. TCM considers the stomach Qi to be turbid and naturally flowing downward; the mouth, tongue, nose, eyes, and ears to be clean orifices; and an upward flow of the turbid Qi to be the primary cause of GERD-related diseases of the five orifices. Furthermore, it views the spleen Qi to be clean and naturally flowing upward, but if the clean Qi cannot flow upward or flows downward instead, the five orifices will fail to be nourished. Although ancient medical records described some cases of five orifice conditions associated with gastroesophageal reflux, practitioners might have misidentified their patterns influenced by the theory of the five zang organs corresponding to the five orifices. Conclusion An analysis of the relationship between the stomach and the five orifices through GERO will not only serve as a valuable addition to the theory of the five zang organs corresponding to the five orifices in TCM but will also provide a further interpretation of the concept of abnormal flow of the spleen and stomach Qi leading to disorders of the five orifices. Moreover, it will present novel insights for identifying disorders of the five orifices and avoiding their misdiagnosis and mistreatment.

Key words: Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Five orifices, Extraesophageal manifestations, Stomach connecting with the five orifices, Clean orifices, Upward flow of the turbid Qi

CLC Number: 

  • R766
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