小儿气管支气管异物合并皮下、纵隔气肿、气胸临床分析

山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 84-.

小儿气管支气管异物合并皮下、纵隔气肿、气胸临床分析

赵绯,张亚梅

首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉科, 北京 100045

收稿日期:2010-08-15 修回日期:2010-11-15 出版日期:2011-06-16 发布日期:2011-06-16
作者简介:赵绯（1959- ），女，主任医师，小儿气管异物及食管异物临床研究。 Email: frankzcl@sina.com

Clinical analysis of Tracheobronchial foreign bodies with subcutaneous emphysema， mediastinal emphysema or pneumothorax

ZHAO Fei， ZHANG Ya-mei

Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Children Hospital, Capital Medical Univercity, Beijing 100045, China

Received:2010-08-15 Revised:2010-11-15 Online:2011-06-16 Published:2011-06-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨小儿气管支气管异物合并皮下、纵隔气肿、气胸临床特点及预防处理方法。方法总结发生气管异物引发皮下、纵隔气肿、气胸患者50例病历资料，就其发病年龄、因素及术中术后并发症临床特点、采取措施进行回顾分析。结果 50例中治愈48例，平均治愈时间5～7d，肺不张胸膜粘连1例，双侧气胸引发呼衰昏迷死亡1例。结论肺内压增高造成肺泡破裂是引起纵隔气肿、气胸主要因素，快速准确的诊断是降低气管支气管异物并发症病死率的前提。术中术后并发症的有效防止，是减低死亡率的有效保证。

关键词: 气管，支气管异物；皮下气肿；纵隔气肿；气胸；儿童

Abstract:

Objective To discuss the clinical features，treatments and prevention of tracheobronchial foreign bodies with subcutaneous emphysema，mediastinal emphysema or pneumothorax in children. Methods Fifty tracheobronchial patients with subcutaneous emphysema，mediastinal emphysema or pneumothorax were included from January，1984 to December，2008. Age, risk factors, clinical features of operation-related complications and the treatments were discussed. Results Forty-eight patients were cured after a 5-7 day treatment. One patient complicated with atelectasis and pleural adhesion and one patient died. Conclusion The rupture of the alveolar due to pulmonary hypertension is the main factor causing mediastinal emphysema and pneumothorax. Timely and accurate diagnosis is the prerequisites to reduce the mortality rate of tracheobronchial foreign body with complications. Prevention of operationrelated complications is the key to reduce the mortality rate.

Key words: Foreign bodies; Pneumothorax; Subcutaneous emphysema; Mediastinal emphysema; Children

中图分类号:

R768.13

赵绯,张亚梅. 小儿气管支气管异物合并皮下、纵隔气肿、气胸临床分析[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2011, 25(3): 84-.

ZHAO Fei， ZHANG Ya-mei. Clinical analysis of Tracheobronchial foreign bodies with subcutaneous emphysema， mediastinal emphysema or pneumothorax[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2011, 25(3): 84-.

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