人乳头瘤病毒相关口咽鳞状细胞癌发生机制的研究进展

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2022.172

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 简述人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus, HPV)的生物学特点,叙述人乳头瘤病毒在口咽黏膜的持续感染机制,介绍病毒蛋白在导致口咽鳞状细胞癌(oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, OPSCC)过程中的生物学过程。通过回顾相关临床研究,归纳及总结相关文献,总结出在HPV相关OPSCC中,口咽部特有的解剖结构使得HPV感染后不易被清除并保持持续感染状态,持续感染的HPV通过病毒蛋白的表达,并与肿瘤微环境相互作用影响肿瘤的发生发展。指出一部分病毒蛋白在宿主细胞中的作用机制通路,尤其是病毒蛋白E6和E7,既在OPSCC的发生中有促进作用,也可增加化疗药物对抗肿瘤的敏感性,认为病毒蛋白的这种双重作用对于进一步了解HPV相关OPSCC并提出更优治疗方案提供了新的方向。

关键词: 人乳头瘤病毒, 口咽鳞状细胞癌, 扁桃体隐窝, 病毒蛋白, 肿瘤微环境

Abstract: This article briefly describes the biological characteristics of human papillomavirus(HPV), the mechanism of persistent infection of human papillomavirus in the oropharyngeal mucosa, and introduces the biological process of viral proteins in the process of causing oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC). By reviewing relevant clinical studies, summarizing the relevant literature, we concluded that in HPV-associated OPSCC, the unique anatomy of the oropharynx makes it difficult to clear the HPV infected and maintain a persistent infection state. The persistently infection of HPV affects the occurrence and development of tumors through the expression of viral proteins and interacts with the tumor microenvironment. We propose some mechanism pathway with viral protein in host cells, especially viral proteins E6, E7, which not only promote the occurrence of OPSCC, but also increase the sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs against tumors. we believe that this dual role of viral proteins provides a new direction for us to further understand HPV-related OPSCC and propose better treatment options.

Key words: Human papillomavirus, Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, Tonsil crypt, Viral protein, Tumor microenvironment

中图分类号:

R739.63

李亚楠,梁辉. 人乳头瘤病毒相关口咽鳞状细胞癌发生机制的研究进展[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2023, 37(3): 104-110.

LI Yanan, LIANG Hui. Study progress on the mechanism of human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma[J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2023, 37(3): 104-110.

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