Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 125-130.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2020.191

Previous Articles    

Recent research advances in the role of glutaredoxin in oculopathy

FU Yihao1,2, XU Yixuan1,2Overview,YAN Hong1,3, ZHANG Jie1Guidance   

  1. 1. Department of Ophthalmonogy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, China;
    2. Basic Medical School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China;
    3. Shaanxi Eye Hospital of Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
  • Published:2021-05-14

PDF (PC)

204

Abstract: Glutaredoxin(Grx)is animportant member of the thiol disulfide oxidoreductase protein family. The primary function is to dethiolate glutathionylated proteins, thus maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Grx is expressed in many tissues throughout the body. In recent years, the protective function of Grx in oculopathy and its synergistic effect with other antioxidative enzymes have been increasingly elucidated, leading to a better understanding of this protein. This review summarizes the latest research on the role of Grx in oculopathy.

Key words: Glutaredoxin, Oxidative stress, Antioxidase, Cataract, Oculopathy, Gene knockout mice

CLC Number: 

  • R77
[1] Williams LB, Prakalapakorn SG, Ansari Z et al. Impact and Trends in Global Ophthalmology[J]. Current Ophthalmology Reports, 2020, 22:1-8. doi: 10.1007/s40135-020-00245-x.
[2] Pennington KL, DeAngelis MM. Epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration(AMD): associations with cardiovascular disease phenotypes and lipid factors[J]. Eye and Vision, 2016,3:34-53. doi: 10.1186/s40662-016-0063-5.
[3] Yang X, Pan X, Zhao X, et al.Autophagy and Age-Related Eye Diseases[J]. BioMed Research International, 2019, 2019(7601):1-12. doi:10.1155/2019/5763658.
[4] Askelöf P, Axelsson K, Eriksson S, et al. Mechanism of action of enzymes catalyzing thiol-disulfide interchange. Thioltransferases rather than transhydrogenases[J]. FEBS Lett, 1974, 38(3): 263-267. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(74)80068-2.
[5] Holmgren A. Hydrogen donor system for Escherichia coli ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase dependent upon glutathione[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1976, 73(7): 2275-2279. doi:10.1073/pnas.73.7.2275.
[6] Holmgren A. Thioredoxin[J]. Annu Rev Biochem, 1985, 54: 237-271. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.54.070185.001321.
[7] Lou MF. Protein-thiol mixed disulfides and thioltransferase in the Lens[M] //Advances in Ocular Toxicology. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997: 27-46. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5937-5_4.
[8] Gladyshev VN, Liu A, Novoselov SV, et al. Identification and characterization of a new mammalian glutaredoxin(thioltransferase), Grx2[J]. J Biol Chem, 2001, 276(32): 30374-30380. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100020200.
[9] Lundberg M, Johansson C, Chandra J, et al. Cloning and expression of a novel human glutaredoxin(Grx2)with mitochondrial and nuclear isoforms[J]. J Biol Chem, 2001, 276(28): 26269-26275. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011605200.
[10] Holmgren A. Glutathione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides. Characterization of the enzymatic mechanism of Escherichia coli glutaredoxin[J]. J Biol Chem, 1979, 254(9): 3672-3678. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(80)87056-7.
[11] Holmgren A. Glutathione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides. Purification and characterization of glutaredoxin from Escherichia coli[J] J Biol Chem, 1979, 254(9): 3664-3671. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(80)87056-7.
[12] Yoshitake S, Nanri H, Fernando MR, et al. Possible differences in the regenerative roles played by thioltransferase and thioredoxin for oxidatively damaged proteins[J]. J Biochem, 1994, 116(1): 42-46. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124500.
[13] Wu F, Wang GM, Raghavachari N, et al. Distribution of thioltransferase(glutaredoxin)in ocular tissues[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1998, 39(3): 476-480. doi: 10.1097/00004397-199838020-00016.
[14] Xing KY, Lou MF. Effect of age on the thioltransferase(glutaredoxin)and thioredoxin systems in the human Lens[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2010, 51(12): 6598-6604. doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5672.
[15] Lei XG, Zhu JH, Cheng WH, et al. Paradoxical roles of antioxidant enzymes: basic mechanisms and health implications[J]. Physiol Rev, 2016, 96(1): 307-364. doi:10.1152/physrev.00010.2014.
[16] Scalcon V, Tonolo F, Folda A, et al. Dimers of glutaredoxin 2 as mitochondrial redox sensors in selenite-induced oxidative stress[J]. Metallomics, 2019, 11(7): 1241-1251. doi:10.1039/c9mt00090a.
[17] 夏海燕,黄子维,李宽钰.谷氧还蛋白2与人类健康[J].生命科学,2014,26(1):72-79. doi:10.13376/j.cbls/2014011. XIA Haiyan, HUANG Ziwei, LI Kuanyu. Role of glutaredoxin2 in human health and diseases[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences, 2014, 26(1): 72-79. doi: 10.13376/j.cbls/2014011.
[18] Reddy VN. Glutathione and its function in the lens- an overview[J]. Exp Eye Res 1990, 50(6): 771-778. doi:10.1016/0014-4835(90)90127-G.
[19] Giblin FJ. Glutathione: a vital Lens antioxidant[J]. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2000, 16(2): 121-135. doi:10.1089/jop.2000.16.121.
[20] Lou MF. Thiol regulation in the Lens[J]. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2000, 16(2): 137-148. doi:10.1089/jop.2000.16.137.
[21] 张婕, 严宏, Lou MF. 硫醇转移酶基因敲除小鼠模型的建立及其白内障形成机制[J]. 国际眼科杂志. 2020, 20(3):420-425. doi: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2020.3.05. ZHANG Jie, YAN Hong, Lou MF. Establishment of Thioltransferase knockout mouse model and the function of thioltransferase in cataratogenesis[J]. Int Eye Sci, 2020, 20(3):420-425. doi: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2020.3.05.
[22] Kronschläger M, Galichanin K, Ekström J, et al. Protective effect of the thioltransferase gene on in vivo UVR-300 nm-induced cataract[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(1): 248-252. doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8504.
[23] Zhang J, Yan H, Löfgren S, et al. Ultraviolet radiation-induced cataract in mice: the effect of age and the potential biochemical mechanism[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(11): 7276-7285. doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10482.
[24] Moon S, Fernando MR, Lou MF. Induction of thioltransferase and thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase systems in cultured porcine lenses under oxidative stress[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2005, 46(10): 3783-3789. doi:10.1167/iovs.05-0237.
[25] Wei M, Xing KY, Fan YC, et al. Loss of thiol repair systems in human cataractous lenses[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2014, 56(1): 598-605. doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15452.
[26] 廖萱, 赵敏. 巯基转移酶在年龄相关性白内障晶状体上皮细胞中的表达研究[J]. 华西医学, 2009, 24(6): 1359-1362. LIAO Xuan, ZHAO Min. Expression of thioltransferase in Lens epithelial cells of age-related cataract[J]. West China Medical Journal, 2009, 24(6): 1359-1362.
[27] Fan Q, Zhang YL, Liu YF, et al. Glutaredoxin desensitizes Lens to oxidative stress by connecting and integrating specific signaling and transcriptional regulation for antioxidant response[J]. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2016, 39(5): 1813-1826. doi:10.1159/000447881.
[28] 李凤杰, 沈丽君, 方合志, 等. 线粒体呼吸链复合体1[J]. 中国细胞生物学报,2014, 36(8):1153-1161. doi: 10.11844/cjcb.2014.08.0037. LI Fengjie, SHEN Lijun, FANG Hezhi, et al. Mitochondrial Respiratory Complex I[J]. Chinese Journal of Cell Biology, 2014, 36(8):1153-1161. doi:10.11844/cjcb.2014.08.0037.
[29] Wu HL, Xing KY, Lou MF. Glutaredoxin 2 prevents H2O2-induced cell apoptosis by protecting complex I activity in the mitochondria[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2010, 1797(10):1705-1715. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.06.003.
[30] Wu HL, Yu YB, David L, et al. Glutaredoxin 2(Grx2)gene deletion induces early onset of age-dependent cataracts in mice[J]. J Biol Chem, 2014, 289(52): 36125-36139. doi:10.1074/jbc.M114.620047.
[31] Wu HL, Lin LR, Giblin F, et al. Glutaredoxin 2 knockout increases sensitivity to oxidative stress in mouse Lens epithelial cells[J]. Free Radic Biol Med, 2011, 51(11): 2108-2117. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.011.
[32] Tarr JM, Kaul K, Chopra M, et al. Pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy[J]. ISRN Ophthalmol, 2013: 1-13. doi:10.1155/2013/343560.
[33] 于罡,严宏. 硫醇转移酶对高糖诱导大鼠晶状体氧化应激的保护作用[J]. 国际眼科杂志, 2014, 14(11): 1927-1930. doi:10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2014.11.03. YU Gang, YAN Hong. Protective effects of thiohransferase in rat lens incubated with high glucose[J]. Guoji Yanke Zazhi(Int Eye Sci), 2014, 14(11):1927-1930. doi:10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2014.11.03.
[34] Zhang J, Yan H, Lou MF. Does oxidative stress play any role in diabetic cataract formation? - Re-evaluation using a thioltransferase gene knockout mouse model[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2017, 161: 36-42. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.05.014.
[35] Potilinski MC, Lorenc V, Perisset S, et al. Mechanisms behind retinal ganglion cell loss in diabetes and therapeutic approach[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 21(7): E2351. doi:10.3390/ijms21072351.
[36] Shelton MD, Kern TS, Mieyal JJ. Glutaredoxin regulates nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule in Müller cells: model of diabetic retinopathy[J]. J Biol Chem, 2007, 282(17): 12467-12474. doi:10.1074/jbc.M610863200.
[37] Shelton MD, Distler AM, Kern TS, et al. Glutaredoxin regulates autocrine and paracrine proinflammatory responses in retinal glial(muller)cells[J]. J Biol Chem, 2009, 284(8): 4760-4766. doi:10.1074/jbc.M805464200.
[38] Zhao WH, Xu WM. Glutaredoxin 2(GRX2)deficiency exacerbates high fat diet(HFD)-induced insulin resistance, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in brain injury: a mechanism involving GSK-3β[J]. Biomedecine Pharmacother, 2019, 118: 108940. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108940.
[39] Jager RD, Mieler WF, Miller JW. Age-related macular degeneration[J]. N Engl J Med, 2008, 358(24): 2606-2617. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0801537.
[40] Liu XB, Jann J, Xavier C, et al. Glutaredoxin 1(Grx1)protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative damage by preventing AKT glutathionylation[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015, 56(5): 2821-2832. doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15876.
[41] Liu XB, Xavier C, Jann J, et al. Salvianolic acid B(sal B)protects retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative stress-induced cell death by activating glutaredoxin 1(Grx1)[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2016, 17(11): E1835. doi:10.3390/ijms17111835.
[42] Zhu C, Wang S, Wang B, et al. 17β-Estradiol up-regulates Nrf2 via PI3K/AKT and estrogen receptor signaling pathways to suppress light-induced degeneration in rat Retina[J]. Neuroscience, 2015, 304: 328-339. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.057.
[43] Nakagami Y. Nrf2 is an attractive therapeutic target for retinal diseases[J]. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 7469326. doi:10.1155/2016/7469326.
[44] Ouyang YF, Peng Y, Li J, et al. Modulation of thiol-dependent redox system by metal ions via thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems[J]. Metallomics, 2018, 10(2): 218-228. doi:10.1039/c7mt00327g.
[1] SU Jie, YANG Fuyu, LI Meng, CHEN Huiru, JIANG Lisheng, WANG Lixiang. GLP-1 protected the diabetic retinopathy through induction of autophagy in rats [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2022, 36(5): 30-34.
[2] HU Zunxia, SIMA Jing, QIN Bo, CAO Jiaguo, PAN Wei. Comparative study on the use of contact lens in Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2022, 36(5): 41-45.
[3] YANG Ru, ZHANG Yuguang, XU Xianghui, WU Xuelian, TAO Yuan, TAN Yue. A clinical study on the effect of phacoemulsification on the retinal structure in the macular region of senile cataract [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2022, 36(4): 97-102.
[4] ZHANG Yi, WANG Wenjun,YANG Anhuai. Research progress of SIRT1 activation by resveratrol in ocular diseases [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2022, 36(2): 151-156.
[5] HAI Yue,LIAO Xuan. Research progress and clinical application of Catquest-9SF [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2021, 35(6): 142-146.
[6] WANG Shushu, FU Yahui, YU Ruoyu, HOU Yi, YANG Jiguo. The law of medication for the treatment of endogenous eye disease in chinese medical code based on data mining [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2021, 35(4): 81-87.
[7] WEI Peipei,LI Can. Visual quality and complications after implantation of multifocal intraocular lens [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2021, 35(2): 141-146.
[8] To explore the best method for diagnosis and treatments of post-surgical posterior ischemic optic neuropathy(PION). MethodsReview the medical records of a 78-year-old female patient who presented with sudden vision loss in her right eye on the fourth day after phacoemulsification and implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens in other hospital. After the electrophysiological examination and fundus fluorescein angiography, the patient was diagnosed as posterior ischemic optic neuropathy after cataract surgery in his right eye. She was administered with a retrobulbar injection of Anisodamine and placed on steroid pulse therapy. ResultsOn the 19th day after treatment, her visual acuity had recovered to 0.05. ConclusionThis is a rare case, and since post-surgical posterior ischemic optic neuropathy(PION)has no definite and effective treatment yet, active vigilance should be maintained before surgery. Detailed systemic history and physical examination are important for patients with high risks of developing PION, especially for evaluating their systemic hemodynamics. To sum up, PION should be considered in patients who have sudden severe vision loss and/or visual field defects with no obvious changes in the fundus after excluding other optic nerve diseases.. Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy after cataract surgery: a case report and literature reviewWANG Zongyi, QU Jinfeng Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Peoples Hospital, Beijing 100044, ChinaAbstract:Objective〓 [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2020, 34(4): 56-59.
[9] Shazia BANO,Shaowei LI,Chang LIU,Xinxin LI,Saeed ALI. Evaluation of cyclorotation during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery performed by using LenSx femtosecond laser [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2020, 34(2): 47-52.
[10] LI Rui, LI Yong, XIE Hongtao, YUE ZhangXian, LIU Zhaochen, YUAN huimin. Effects of intraocular lens implantation and postoperative intraocular pressure fluctuations on the fundus macular and optic disc vascular density [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2020, 34(1): 89-92.
[11] TAN Yan, LI Can. Progress in the research of intraocular lens power calculation formulas [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2019, 33(6): 95-98.
[12] SONG Fan, HUANG Weijun, XU Huajun, GUAN Jian, YI Hongliang. Relationship between carotid elasticity and oxidative stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2019, 33(4): 99-104.
[13] LIN Jia, LIAO Xuan, LAN Changjun, TAN Qingqing, WEN Baiwei, TIAN Jing. Visual quality research on a custom selection of aspheric intraocular lenses in cataract patients [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2019, 33(4): 109-114.
[14] LIU Jianbo, ZHANG Huan. Phacoemulsification combined with intravitreal ranibizumab or triamcinolone acetonide injection for the treatment of cataract accompanied by diabetic macular edema [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2019, 33(2): 99-104.
[15] CHEN Ying, LI Yuanbin. Progress in the treatment of congenital cataract [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2019, 33(2): 143-148.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] . [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2006, 20(1): 84 -87 .
[2] NIU Shanli,CHAI Maowen,LI Zhenxiu . Endoscopic rhinoplasty of inferior turbinate in 60 patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2006, 20(1): 16 -18 .
[3] MENG Qing-guo,LU Yong-tian,FAN Xian-liang .

Association of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene polymorphisms with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2008, 22(3): 196 -199 .
[4] . [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2008, 22(3): 199 -199 .
[5] WAN Li-jia,LU Hai-tao,JIANG Yi-dao,LIU Hui,LI Qin,SHE La-zhi . Effect of H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty on obstructive sleep apnea
hypopnea syndrome[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2008, 22(3): 204 -205 .
[6] . [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2008, 22(3): 222 -224 .
[7] JI Xiao-bin,DENG Jia-de,ZANG Lin-quan,WANG Lei,XIE Jun . Blood histamine in guinea pigs with allergic rhinitis[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2008, 22(3): 228 -230 .
[8] XIANG Deng,LU Yong-tian,SUN Huan-ji . Endoscopic repair for cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea in 19 cases and a literature review [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2008, 22(3): 234 -236 .
[9] . [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2008, 22(3): 253 -257 .
[10]
YIN Guo-hua,ZHONG Xiao . Long-term effect of laser reduction on lingua adenoids
[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2008, 22(3): 280 -282 .
Website Copyright: Editorial Office of Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University
Address: No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, Shandong, China. Post code: 250100 Tel: +86-0531-88366912 Email: ebhxb@sdu.edu.cn Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd