Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University ›› 2026, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 55-61.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2025.193

• Original Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Trend and projection of larynx cancer mortality caused by occupational exposure to sulfuric acid

XIAO Junhua1, PAN Qingchun2, JIN Shu1   

  1. 1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ziyang Central Hospital, Ziyang 641300, Sichuan, China2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
  • Published:2026-05-22

PDF (PC)

5

Abstract: Objective To quantify the trend of mortality burden from occupational sulfuric acid exposure causing laryngeal cancer(LC)in China from 1990 to 2021, and analyze the contributions of population growth, aging, and epidemiological changes. This will provide insights for optimizing occupational exposure prevention strategies and public health interventions. Methods To quantify the trend of mortality burden from occupational sulfuric acid exposure causing laryngeal cancer(LC)in China from 1990 to 2021, and analyze the contributions of population growth, aging, and epidemiological changes. This will provide insights for optimizing occupational exposure prevention strategies and public health interventions. Results In 2021, men accounted for 82% of LC deaths(655.82 cases), with the highest mortality peak at ages 65-69. From 1990 to 2021, LC deaths from occupational sulfuric acid exposure increased by 55%, but the age-standardized mortality rate declined by an average of 1.68% per year. The three-factor decomposition showed that aging(135.82%)and population growth(120.96%)were the main driving factors, while epidemiological changes led to a 156.78% reduction in deaths. It is predicted that by 2040, the number of deaths will reach 916, with the age-standardized mortality rate declining to 0.049,6/100,000. Conclusion From 1990 to 2021, China made significant progress in controlling occupational sulfuric acid exposure-related LC, but the aging population has led to a continued increase in the absolute disease burden, particularly among elderly men. Future efforts should focus on strengthening occupational exposure monitoring and health management of high-risk populations to address the challenges of an aging society.

Key words: Sulfuric acid exposure, Laryngeal cancer, Global burden of disease study, Age-standardized mortality

CLC Number: 

  • R739.65
[1] Igissin N, Zatonskikh V, Telmanova Z, et al. Laryngeal cancer: epidemiology, etiology, and prevention: a narrative review[J]. Iran J Public Health, 2023, 52(11): 2248-2259. doi:10.18502/ijph.v52i11.14025
[2] Liberale C, Soloperto D, Marchioni A, et al. Updates on larynx cancer: risk factors and oncogenesis[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2023, 24(16): 12913. doi:10.3390/ijms241612913
[3] Lin CW, Cheng WW, Liu XJ, et al. The global, regional, national burden of laryngeal cancer and its attributable risk factors(1990-2019)and predictions to 2035[J]. Eur J Cancer Care, 2022, 31(6): e13689. doi:10.1111/ecc.13689
[4] 陈玲秀, 林刃舆. 1990—2021年中国喉癌疾病负担分析及变化趋势预测[J]. 数理医药学杂志, 2025, 38(2): 81-89 CHEN Lingxiu, LIN Renyu. Analysis and changing trend prediction of laryngeal cancer burden in China from 1990 to 2021[J]. Journal of Mathematical Medicine, 2025, 38(2): 81-89
[5] Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2024, 74(3): 229-263. doi:10.3322/caac.21834
[6] Chen YF, Chang ET, Liu Q, et al. Occupational exposures and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a high-risk area: a population-based case-control study[J]. Cancer, 2021, 127(15): 2724-2735. doi:10.1002/cncr.33536
[7] Ferrari A J, Santomauro D F, Aali A, et al. Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability(YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs), and healthy life expectancy(HALE)for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021[J]. Lancet, 2024, 403(10440): 2133-2161. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00757-8
[8] Yang F, Lodder P, Huang N, et al. Thirty-year trends of depressive disorders in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: an age-period-cohort analysis[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2023, 328: 115433. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115433
[9] Das Gupta P. A general method of decomposing a difference between two rates into several components[J]. Demography, 1978, 15(1): 99-112
[10] Su ZH, Zou ZY, Hay SI, et al. Global, regional, and national time trends in mortality for congenital heart disease, 1990-2019: an age-period-cohort analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study[J]. E Clinical Medicine, 2022, 43: 101249. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101249
[11] Liu ZQ, Xu KL, Jiang YF, et al. Global trend of aetiology-based primary liver cancer incidence from 1990 to 2030: a modelling study[J]. Int J Epidemiol, 2021, 50(1): 128-142. doi:10.1093/ije/dyaa196
[12] Chen BJ, Zhan ZW, Fang WN, et al. Long-term trends and future projections of larynx cancer burden in China: a comprehensive analysis from 1990 to 2030 using GBD data[J]. Sci Rep, 2024, 14: 26523. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-77797-6
[13] Yang JH, Koedrith P, Kang DS, et al. A putative adverse outcome pathway relevant to carcinogenicity induced by sulfuric acid in strong inorganic acid mists[J]. Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2019, 24(3): 139. https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2019.24.3.139
[14] 梁坤, 秦信睿, 杨玉蓉, 等. 高纯硫酸锰生产流程危险性分析与职业健康防护[J]. 化工管理, 2023,(11): 130-133. doi:10.19900/j.cnki.ISSN1008-4800.2023.11.036
[15] 中华人民共和国卫生部. 工业企业设计卫生标准: GBZ 1—2010[S]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2010
[16] 中华人民共和国卫生部. 工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范: GBZ 159—2004[S]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2006
[17] 中华人民共和国卫生部. 工作场所有害因素职业接触限值 第1部分: 化学有害因素: GBZ 2.1—2007[S]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2007
[18] 张重慧. 硫酸生产过程中的职业危害及控制[J]. 现代职业安全, 2009,(4):88 ZHANG Chonghui. Occupational hazards and control in sulfuric acid production process [J]. Modern Occupational Safety, 2009,(4): 88
[19] 方文彬, 李旦. “改革开放40年”中国制造业发展探析[J]. 兰州工业学院学报, 2020, 27(3): 73-78. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-2269.2020.03.017 FANG Wenbin, LI Dan. Research on development of China's manufacturing industry in past 40 years of reform and opening-up[J]. Journal of Lanzhou Institute of Technology, 2020, 27(3): 73-78. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-2269.2020.03.017
[20] Soskolne CL, Jhangri GS, Siemiatycki J, et al. Occupational exposure to sulfuric acid in southern Ontario, Canada, in association with laryngeal cancer[J]. Scand J Work Environ Health, 1992, 18(4): 225-232
[21] Ye EL, Huang JS, Wang J, et al. Trend and projection of larynx cancer incidence and mortality in China from 1990 to 2044: a Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling study[J]. Cancer Med, 2023, 12(15): 16517-16530. doi:10.1002/cam4.6239
[22] 杨菊华, 李延宇, 王苏苏. 人口高质量发展视阈下女性人口的发展现状、问题与对策研究: 基于七次全国人口普查数据的分析[J]. 中国人口科学, 2025(1): 7-22 YANG Juhua, LI Yanyu, WANG Susu. Development of female population, related issues and countermeasures from the perspective of high quality population development: analysis based on the national population censuses[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science, 2025(1): 7-22
[23] 何鹏飞, 田俊, 靳荣秀, 等. 喉癌影像学评估进展[J]. 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2016, 30(19): 1576-1580. doi:10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.19.020 HE Pengfei, TIAN Jun, JIN Rongxiu, et al. Advances in imaging evaluation of laryngeal carcinoma[J]. Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 2016, 30(19): 1576-1580. doi:10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.19.020
[24] 张政, 葛晓峰. 喉癌治疗策略及进展[J]. 现代肿瘤医学, 2022, 30(11): 2090-2093 ZHANG Zheng, GE Xiaofeng. Treatment strategy and progress of laryngeal cancer[J]. Journal of Modern Oncology, 2022, 30(11): 2090-2093
[25] Zhou TJ, Wang XT, Zhu QC, et al. Global trends and risk factors of laryngeal cancer: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study(1990-2021)[J]. BMC Cancer, 2025, 25(1): 296. doi:10.1186/s12885-025-13700-4
[26] Schwartz N, Verma A, Muktipaty C, et al. Estradiol receptor profile and estrogen responsiveness in laryngeal cancer and clinical outcomes[J]. Steroids, 2019, 142: 34-42. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2017.11.012
[27] Haidoutova R, Melamed M, Dimitrova S, et al. Investigations of serum testosterone levels in patients with laryngeal cancers[J]. Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 1985, 241(3): 213-217. doi:10.1007/BF00453690
[28] Gallus S, Bosetti C, Franceschi S, et al. Laryngeal cancer in women: tobacco, alcohol, nutritional, and hormonal factors[J]. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2003, 12(6): 514-517
[1] XIE Feng, XU Zhenju, WU Ce, LIU Jie, ZANG Chuanshan, ZHANG Longxiao, HAN Min. Clinicopathologic and survival analysis of laryngeal neuroendocrine neoplasm in 26 cases [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2025, 39(2): 79-86.
[2] QU Xiangyu, ZHU Han, LIU Zhonglu, MU Yakui, GUO Wentao, ZHANG Hua. Application of epiglottic tongue flap in supraglottic defect repair of laryngeal cancer [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2025, 39(1): 77-84.
[3] WANG Jingsong, YU Can, ZHANG Xi, DENG Qicheng, XIE Zhuoliang, ZHAO Rui, WEN Bei, LIU Hai. Expression and clinical significance of KRT4 in laryngeal carcinoma and adjacent normal mucosal tissues [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2024, 38(3): 12-17.
[4] ZHANG Zhuping, YE Qi, GUO Bei, LIN Ling. Diagnostic utility of folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cells in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2023, 37(5): 50-53.
[5] ZHANG Xi, DENG Qicheng, ZHANG Zhen, CHEN Yao, WANG Jingsong, ZHAO Rui, LIU Hai. Effect of nutritional support on postoperative pharyngeal fistula after laryngeal cancer surgery: a Meta-analysis [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2023, 37(3): 51-59.
[6] XU Chong, WANG Xiaoting, YI Hongliang. Single-cell sequencing analysis of laryngeal cancer and its microenvironmental metabolism-related target genes [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2023, 37(2): 33-38.
[7] HUANG Hengfeng, MA Kunpeng, YANG Di, ZHANG Lijun, ZHANG Shenglin. Expression and clinical significance of miR-181b-5P and EPB41L3 protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2023, 37(1): 41-46.
[8] WANG MeiOverview,LI ZhihaiGuidance. Laryngeal cancer stem cells: potential therapeutic targets for overcoming multidrug resistance [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2022, 36(4): 120-128.
[9] WANG Xiaoting, CHEN Zhengnong, YI Hongliang. Transcriptomic analysis of glutamine deprivation on laryngeal carcinoma cells [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2022, 36(2): 26-31.
[10] LI Yanjie, JIA Jian, YANG Ping, WAN Baoluo. Study on the value of tumor abnormal protein in clinical diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2021, 35(5): 70-74.
[11] LI Wenjing,LIU Ming. Research progress on the relationship between the C2H2 zinc finger protein family and laryngeal cancer [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2021, 35(1): 125-130.
[12] . The swallowing function recovery study on tongue flap after horizontal hemilaryngectomy [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2020, 34(5): 127-131.
[13] XU Yuanteng, CHEN Ruiqing, LIN Gongbiao, FANG Xiuling, YU Shujuan, LIANG Xiaohua, ZHANG Rong. Effect of silencing PDCD4 gene on proliferation of Hep-2 cells and the expression of β-catenin by RNA interference technique. [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2016, 30(5): 110-114.
[14] LI Xiaoming, SONG Qi, LI Hongxia, TAO Zhenfeng, SHEN Yupeng, XIAO Shufen. Reconstruction of hypopharyngeal defects after ablation of advanced head and neck squamous carcinoma involving hypophaynx with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2016, 30(3): 4-9.
[15] SU Tiantian, ZHANG Jia, SUN Zhenfeng. Roles of multidrug resistance proteins P-gp and ABCG2 in laryngocatcinoma and their related signal pathways. [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2016, 30(3): 103-106.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Website Copyright: Editorial Office of Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University
Address: No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, Shandong, China. Post code: 250100 Tel: +86-0531-88366912 Email: ebhxb@sdu.edu.cn Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd