儿童扁桃体微生物群与免疫调节及疾病关联

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2025.230

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 扁桃体微生物群作为儿童上呼吸道免疫防御的核心组成部分,其动态平衡与多样性对儿童健康具有重要意义,对其组成与功能的深入解析不可或缺。传统培养技术虽能鉴定部分病原菌,但受限于可培养微生物范围,而基于高通量16S rRNA基因测序技术则突破局限,为全面解析微生物群提供了新视角。本文综述了儿童扁桃体微生物群的检测技术、核心菌群特征、遗传与环境等影响因素、菌群失调与疾病的因果关系,以及基于菌群调控的临床干预策略。旨在为儿童扁桃体疾病的精准诊疗和健康管理提供理论依据,为深入解析菌群与宿主免疫互作机制提供方向。

关键词: 扁桃体微生物群, 儿童免疫, 菌群失调, 16S rRNA测序, 呼吸道感染

Abstract: The dynamic balance and diversity of the tonsillar microbiota constitute a core component of the upper respiratory immune defense system in children. Therefore, in-depth analysis of the composition and functions of the tonsillar microbiota is imperative for maintaining optimal pediatric health. Traditional culture techniques can detect a limited range of pathogenic bacteria, but are inherently restricted by the spectrum of culturable microorganisms. In contrast, 16S rRNA gene sequencing has the potential to overcome these limitations, offering a novel and comprehensive perspective for profiling the microbiota.This article systematically reviews the current advances in detection technologies, characteristics of core microbial communities, genetic and environmental influencing factors, causal relationships between microbiota dysbiosis and disease, and clinical intervention strategies based on microbiota modulation in pediatric tonsils. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis for the precision diagnosis, treatment, and health management of pediatric tonsillar diseases, and to guide future research into the interaction mechanisms between the tonsillar microbiota and host immunity.

Key words: Tonsillar microbiota, Pediatric immunity, Microbial dysbiosis, 16S rRNA sequencing, Respiratory tract infections

中图分类号:

R766.18

乐冰艳,邹剑,雷蕾,文巧,钱应雪. 儿童扁桃体微生物群与免疫调节及疾病关联[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2025, 39(4): 193-200.

YUE Bingyan, ZOU Jian, LEI Lei, WEN Qiao, QIAN Yingxue. Tonsillar microbiota of children, immune regulation and diseases[J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2025, 39(4): 193-200.

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