Abstract: Objective To study the correlation between allergy factors and maxillofacial malformation in children with tonsil and adenoid hypertrophy during tooth replacement. Methods A total of 207 children(6-12 years old)undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy from 2018 to 2021 were enrolled. Allergen detection was performed on all children, and general data, clinical data and cephalometric indicators were collected. T-test or non-parametric test was used for comparison between groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis, and polynomial linear trend test was used for inter-group linear trend test of allergen classification. Results There were statistically significant differences in SNA and SNB reflecting maxillary relative position in male children with and without allergic factors(P=0.032; P=0.019)(Table 3). In female children, there was no significant difference in head measurement indexes between those with and without allergic factors. In addition, the score of allergy factors was negatively correlated with SNA and SNB, but had no significant correlation with other indexes.(Table 4)Both SNA and SNB showed a linear decreasing trend with the increase of allergen score(linear trend =0.003; Linear trend =0.015)(FIG. 2, FIG. 3). Conclusion In children with tonsillar adenoid hypertrophy, males with allergic factors are more likely to develop sagittal underdevelopment of the upper jaw and retraction of the mandibular, suggesting that allergy is one of the risk factors for maxillofacial deformity in male children with tonsillar adenoid hypertrophy.

Key words: Obstructive sleep apnea: Anaphylaxis factor, Maxillofacial deformity, Hypertrophy of the tonsils, Adenoid hypertrophy