Abstract: Objective To investigate preoperative and postoperative clinical parameters in patients with chronic sinusitis, evaluate surgical outcomes, analyze potential prognostic factors, and provide a reference for precise clinical management to improve patient prognosis. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 100 patients who underwent surgery for chronic sinusitis. A standardized comprehensive treatment protocol for chronic sinusitis was implemented, utilizing an ‘Internet Plus’ healthcare model that integrated remote, in person, and interactive medical services. Short-term efficacy was evaluated through follow-up assessments 12 weeks after treatment, and all patients were followed for 18 months to analyze factors that may influence the prognosis of chronic sinusitis. Results The effect sizes for all scales after treatment were >0.50, and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05). Gender(P=0.674), age(P=0.527), affected side(P=0.369), duration of illness(P=0.430), concomitant hypertension(P=0.094), concomitant coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction(P=0.144), peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)(P=0.514), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)(P=0.635)did not show a significant association with the prognosis of chronic sinusitis between groups, and the differences were not statistically significant; however, diabetes(HR=2.879, P=0.037), concomitant allergic rhinitis(OR=4.240, P=0.013), the presence of nasal polyps(HR=0.203, P=0.042), and the percentage of eosinophils in peripheral blood(OR=0.243, P=0.046)were independent risk factors for poor prognosis. Additionally, the preoperative Lund-Mackay score(OR=1.166, P=0.016), the preoperative SNOT-22 score(OR=1.340, P<0.001), preoperative VAS score(OR=2.046, P<0.001), and the preoperative Lund-Kennedy score(OR=1.441, P=0.008). The differences in the prognosis of chronic sinusitis among the groups were all statistically significant. The linear mixed-effects model showed that SNOT-22 scores, VAS scores, and Lund-Kennedy scores all decreased significantly at all post-treatment time points(all P<0.05). Conclusion The prognosis of chronic sinusitis is not associated with gender, age, affected side, duration of the disease, concomitant hypertension, coronary heart disease, or hematological indices such as NLR and PLR. It is significantly influenced by diabetes mellitus, concomitant allergic rhinitis, the presence of nasal polyps, and the percentage of eosinophils in peripheral blood. Preoperative Lund-Mackay, SNOT-22, VAS, and Lund-Kennedy scores serve as positive prognostic factors. Patients with diabetes, allergic rhinitis, or nasal polyps tend to have a less favorable prognosis. Therefore, clinical management should emphasize stringent glycemic control and timely administration of combined anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory therapy to mitigate the risk of a poor outcome.

Key words: Chronic rhinosinusitis, Laboratory indicators, Scales, Prognosis, Therapeutic efficacy