Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University ›› 2020, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 93-98.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2019.534

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Advances in research on the trifoliate factor family in the middle ear respiratory mucosal epithelium

XU Ling1,SUN Yan2   

  1. 1. Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China;
    2. Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
  • Online:2020-01-20 Published:2020-03-06

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Abstract: Trefoil factor family(TFF)is a protein polypeptide with one or more three-leaf factor domains, which is evolutionarily highly conserved. Three members of TFF(TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3)have been identified in mammals and are mainly synthesized in mucosal tissues, such as gastrointestinal and respiratory mucosa. They are expressed in goblet cells, ciliated epithelial cells, and submucosal glands in the respiratory tract, and match the expression pattern of mucin in the airway mucosa. The tympanic cavity of the middle ear is covered by a continuous upper layer of mucous membrane. The middle ear mucosa of the eustachian tube and the anterior and lower tympanum comprises respiratory epithelial cells. Therefore, TFF can be expressed in middle ear mucosal epithelial cells. TFF may play an important role in promoting the repair of injured middle ear mucosa, completing the protection of middle ear mucosa, as well as in the migration of middle ear mucosal epithelial cells and inflammatory responses. This review focuses on the current status of research on TFF, primarily in the context of respiratory mucosal epithelium in the middle ear, thus exploring new avenues for the study of occurrence and development of otitis media.

Key words: Trifoliate factor family, Respiratory mucosal epithelium, Otitis media, Mucosal repair, Epithelial migration, Protein polypeptide

CLC Number: 

  • R764
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