上海市杨浦区2022—2024年6~9岁学龄儿童屈光状态分析

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2025.291

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the characteristics of refractive status changes and analyze the influencing factors of new-onset myopia among school-aged children aged 6-9 years in Yangpu District, Shanghai from 2022 to 2024, so as to provide scientific evidence for precise prevention and control of myopia by relevant government departments. Methods One primary school was randomly selected from each of the northern, central and southern areas of Yangpu District, Shanghai. All students in grades 1 to 3 from these three primary schools in September 2022 were enrolled as study subjects. Refractive examination data from 2022 to 2024 were collected, including uncorrected distance visual acuity test, non-cycloplegic autorefraction and axial length(AL)measurement. Normality of numerical data was tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov method. Categorical data were described by frequencies, and comparisons between groups were performed using χ2 test. Generalized estimating equation was used to analyze differences between groups in repeated measurement data and factors influencing new-onset myopia. Results There were statistically significant differences in spherical equivalent(SE)and AL among different follow-up periods and baseline age groups(P<0.05). The detection rates of hyperopia, pre-myopia and myopia among different age groups at different periods showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05). Girls(OR=1.608, 95%CI: 1.218-2.124), pre-myopia(OR=4.447, 95%CI: 2.513-7.871)and baseline axial length(OR=1.505, 95%CI: 1.225-1.850)were independent risk factors for new-onset myopia(P<0.01). Conclusion The myopia rate among school-aged children aged 6-9 years in Yangpu District, Shanghai is relatively high, with insufficient hyperopia reserve being a prominent issue. The prevention and control checkpoint should be moved forward, refractive monitoring in preschool children should be strengthened, and active interventions should be implemented for children with pre-myopia.

Key words: School-age children, Refractive status, Hyperopia reserve, Pre-myopia, Myopia

CLC Number:

R778

ZHU Xiqian, WANG Jia, SUN Zuxian, FENG Jianxiu, ZHANG Mengjia, ZHAO Ying, WANG Hong, JIANG Minmin. Refractive status of school-aged children aged 6-9 years in Yangpu District, Shanghai, 2022-2024: a cohort study[J].Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2026, 40(3): 102-109.

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