69例梅尼埃病伴耳鸣的发病特点及影响因素

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2017.205

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析梅尼埃病患者的耳鸣特点和相关影响因素。方法 2012年8月~2016年8月诊治的69例梅尼埃病患者,收集每位患者的纯音听阈、耳鸣患侧、持续时间、睡眠质量,采用耳鸣残障量表(THI)、眩晕残障程度评定量表(DHI)(中文版)评分。结果 (1) 耳鸣主调频率为低频者31例,中频15例,高频23例。耳鸣响度<10 dB(SL)、10~14 dB(SL)、≥15 dB(SL)分别为41例、18例、10例;持续性耳鸣患者60例,间歇性耳鸣9例;一侧耳鸣患者58例,双侧耳鸣患者11例;(2) 伴有持续性耳鸣(t=3.099,P=0.008),睡眠质量较差(t=2.987, P=0.012),耳鸣响度较大(F=3.356,P=0.013)的患者其THI评分高于间断性耳鸣、睡眠质量较好、耳鸣响度较小的患者;(3) 多元线性回归分析结果显示,耳鸣发作频率、病程、平均听阈与DHI评分呈正相关。结论梅尼埃病患者伴随的耳鸣特点主要为持续低频性耳鸣。耳鸣的严重程度与耳鸣的响度、持续时间、睡眠质量有关。梅尼埃病患者性别、年龄、耳侧、双温试验对DHI评分无影响,但发作频率、持续时间、平均听阈均为影响评分的主要因素,发作频率越高的患者,其眩晕感觉越重。

关键词: 耳鸣, 梅尼埃病, 眩晕, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To discuss and analyze the characteristics of tinnitus and the related influencing factors in patients with Menieres disease. Methods A total of 69 patients with Menieres disease were enrolled in our hospital from August 2012 to August 2016, and the pure hearing threshold, tinnitus ipsilateral, course of disease, and sleep quality of the patients were determined. The tinnitus handicap inventory(THI)scale and the dizziness handicap inventory(DHI)scale were used. Results (1) Thirty-one cases showed a low frequency of tinnitus, 15 cases showed a median frequency of tinnitus, and 23 cases showed a high frequency of tinnitus. Tinnitus loudness <10 dB(SL), 10~14 dB(SL), and ≥15 dB(SL)was noted in 41, 18, and 10 cases, respectively; 60 cases showed persistent tinnitus while 9 showed non-persistent tinnitus. Forty-eight patients had no sleep disorders and 21 had sleep disorders. (2) Patients with persistent tinnitus(t=3.099, P=0.008), poor sleep quality(F=2.987, P=0.012), and high tinnitus loudness(F=3.356, P=0.013)had higher THI scores than those with intermittent tinnitus, better sleep quality, and low tinnitus loudness. The THI scores of patients with unilateral tinnitus were lower than those of patients with bilateral tinnitus. (3) Seizure frequency, duration, and average thresholds were positively correlated with the DHI score in multiple linear regression analysis. Conclusion The primary characteristic of tinnitus accompanied by Meniere's disease is low-frequency tinnitus. The severity of tinnitus shows some relationship with tinnitus loudness, duration, and sleep quality. Sex, age, ear, and bimodal test results have no effect on the DHI score, but the onset frequency, duration, and average hearing threshold are the main factors affecting the score. The higher the frequency of the patients, the more severe the dizziness will be.

Key words: Meni disease, Dizziness, Related factors, Tinnitus

中图分类号:

R764

侯小兵,任同力,张毅博. 69例梅尼埃病伴耳鸣的发病特点及影响因素[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2018, 32(5): 37-40.

HOU Xiaobing, REN Tongli, ZHANG Yibo. Characteristics of tinnitus and the related influencing factors in patients with Menieres disease[J]. J Otolaryngol Ophthalmol Shandong Univ, 2018, 32(5): 37-40.

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