山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 42-48.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2018.016
Zheng ZHU,Wanjun WANG,Qiurong HU,Jing LI*()
摘要:
随着城市化进程,环境及生活方式的改变,我国变应性疾病发病率逐年升高。目前认为变应性鼻炎和哮喘的发病主要是在遗传基因、环境因素共同作用下导致,但具体发病机制复杂,尚未完全清楚。慢性气道炎症和气道高反应性是变应性鼻炎和哮喘的典型的病理生理特征。环境中变应原的暴露可诱发疾病症状发作,引起气道及全身炎症反应增加,并导致气道敏感性/反应性升高。人为给予变应性鼻炎或哮喘患者呼吸道变应原吸入刺激,可以模拟其变应原自然暴露所致疾病症状发作,研究其病理生理变化,尚可通过药物干预评估其对症状及炎症抑制程度评估药物治疗效果。同时变应性鼻炎和哮喘作为上下气道疾病,相互影响,通过一端变应原刺激研究气道另一端症状及炎症反应,探讨上下气道之间的联系。屋尘螨为我国,特别是南方地区最主要、最常见的变应原,与疾病关系密切。主要从屋尘螨变应原鼻激发和支气管激发方法学及其在鼻炎和哮喘的研究中的应用作一综述。
中图分类号:
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