扬州市区环境气象因素对急性会厌炎及扁桃体炎发病的影响

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2024.435

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨环境气象因素与扬州市区急性会厌炎及扁桃体炎发病的关系,进一步为临床预防提供依据。方法回顾2014年1月1日至2022年12月31日于江苏省苏北人民医院就诊的急性会厌炎及扁桃体炎患者,采用来源于全国城市空气质量实时发布平台的空气污染物浓度数据、美国国家环境信息中心的气象数据,采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较组间差异;采用Spearman相关系数分析环境气象因素与急性会厌炎及扁桃体炎发病的相关性;采用线性回归法确定急性会厌炎、扁桃体炎的环境危险因素。结果纳入2014年至2022年急性会厌炎患者1 256例,多发病于春季,男性多见,(53.15±5.90)岁;急性会厌炎发病例数与PM₁₀、SO₂、CO、O₃、风速之间具有正相关性,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);经线性回归分析,不同季节、CO、O₃水平对急性会厌炎发病例数的影响具有统计学意义(P<0.05);急性会厌炎发病例数在春季与SO₂、温差具有相关性,在夏季与SO₂、CO、NO₂呈正相关,在秋季与SO₂、CO、温差具有相关性,在冬季与PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、CO呈正相关。纳入急性扁桃体炎患者65 272例,多发病于夏季,男性多见,平均年龄(22.46±3.72)岁;急性扁桃体炎发病例数与PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、CO、NO₂、风速、降水之间具有正相关性,与温差具有负相关性,有统计学意义(P<0.05);经线性回归分析,温差、NO₂、风速对急性扁桃体炎发病例数的影响差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论扬州地区急性会厌炎多发于春季,中老年多见;急性扁桃体炎多发于夏季,青年人多见,两病均高发于男性;环境气象因素与急性会厌炎、急性扁桃体炎发病有关。这提示我们在生活中需要预防环境气象因素对急性会厌炎及扁桃体炎的影响。

关键词: 急性会厌炎, 急性扁桃体炎, 环境气象因素

Abstract: Objective To study the relationship between environmental and meteorological factors and the incidence of acute epiglottitis and tonsillitis in downtown Yangzhou, and to provide a basis for clinical prevention. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on patients with acute epiglottitis and tonsillitis admitted to the Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2022. Air pollutant concentration data from the National Urban Air Quality Real-Time Publishing Platform and meteorological data from the United States National Centers for Environmental Information(NCEI)were collected. Group differences were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis H test with Bonferroni correction for pairwise comparisons. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between environmental-meteorological factors and the incidence of acute epiglottitis and tonsillitis, followed by linear regression to identify the environmental risk factors for acute epiglottitis and tonsillitis. Results A total of 1,256 patients with acute epiglottitis were enrolled from 2014 to 2022, with cases occurring predominantly in spring and a higher prevalence in males ［(53.15±5.90)years］. A significant positive correlation was observed between the onset of acute epiglottitis and PM₁₀, SO₂, CO, O₃, and wind speed(P<0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that season, CO and O₃ significantly influenced the onset of acute epiglottitis(P<0.05). Seasonal analysis showed: Spring: positive correlation with SO₂ and temperature difference. Summer: Positive correlation with SO₂, CO and NO₂. Fall: Positive correlation with SO₂ and CO, but negative correlation with temperature difference. Winter: positive correlation with PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂ and CO. A total of 65,272 patients with acute tonsillitis were included, mainly in summer with male predominance(mean age: 22.46±3.72 years). Positive correlations were found with PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, CO, wind speed and precipitation, whereas a negative correlation was observed with temperature difference(P<0.05 ). Through linear regression analysis, the effects of temperature difference, NO₂ and wind speed on the onset of acute tonsillitis are statistically significant(P<0.05 ). Conclusion In downtown Yangzhou, acute epiglottitis occurs predominantly in the spring and disproportionately affects the middle-aged and elderly population, while acute tonsillitis occurs in the summer, especially among the young. Both diseases have a male predominance. Environmental and meteorological factors are significantly associated with the onset of acute epiglottitis and tonsillitis. It suggests that we need to prevent the impact of environmental and meteorological factors on acute epiglottitis and tonsillitis in our daily lives.

Key words: Acute epiglottitis, Acute tonsillitis, Environmental and meteorological factors

中图分类号:

R766

刘迪,王真真,关兵,朱斌. 扬州市区环境气象因素对急性会厌炎及扁桃体炎发病的影响[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2025, 39(4): 142-150.

LIU Di, WANG Zhenzhen, GUAN Bing, ZHU Bing. The effect of environmental and meteorological factors on the outbreak of acute epiglottitis and tonsillitis in downtown Yangzhou[J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2025, 39(4): 142-150.

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