Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University ›› 2019, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 147-151.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2019.036

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Analysis of sensitization to inhalant allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis from Jiangsu and Anhui areas

Junjun QIAN,Wencheng ZHOU,Zhongfei WU,Dongyun BU,Liqin WANG,Meiping LU,Lei CHENG()   

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2019-04-25 Revised:2019-05-13 Online:2019-05-20 Published:2019-08-07
  • Contact: Lei CHENG E-mail:chenglei@jsph.org.cn

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Abstract: Objective

In this study, we aimed to understand the inhaled allergen spectrum of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and the methods for intervention of AR.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of patients with rhinitis admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2013 to 2017 was conducted. Based on age, the patients were divided into children groups (aged ≤12 years), juvenile group (aged 13~17 years), young group (aged 18~39 years), and quinquagenarian group (aged ≥40 years). All patients were from Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. Demographic and clinical features of the patients were investigated based on their age groups. Overall, 10 types of common inhaled allergens with specific IgE in serum were detected. The SPSS software (version 20) was used for the statistical analysis.

Results

Among 501 patients included in the study, 132 (26.35%) were found to be negative for serum-specific IgE test and 369 (73.65%) were positive for ≥1 allergen(s). Among the patients with AR, the first five allergens to show positivity were dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (75.88%), dermatophagoides farinae (73.98%), house dust (19.24%), alternaria (11.11%), and cat dander (6.78%). The positivity rate of alternaria in children and adolescents was 26.79% and 28.36%, respectively. Analysis of the allergen spectrum of the same patient showed that most of the sensitization was multiple allergens, and the triple allergens showed the highest positivity rate (60.16%). The main combination was dermatophagoides pteronyssinus + dermatophagoides farinae + house dust, accounting for 91.44% of the patients affected with triple allergens. The main allergens with serum specific IgE ≥grade 3 were dermatophagoides farinae (55.56%), dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (50.95%), and alternaria (6.78%).

Conclusion

Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and dermatophagoides farinae were the main allergens affecting patients with AR in Jiangsu and Anhui areas. Alternaria is a common allergen affecting children and adolescents in this area and requires greater attention. Three indoor allergens, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dermatophagoides farinae, and house dust were closely related and can be used as a combination for the screening and diagnosis of AR.

Key words: Allergic rhinitis, Allergens, Specific immunoglobulin E, Dust mites, Fungi

CLC Number: 

  • R765

Table 1

Prevalence of sensitization to inhaled allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis among all age groups[n（%）]"

变应原儿童组（n=56）青少年组(n=67)青年组(n=223)中老年组(n=23)合计（n=369）
户尘螨50(89.29)59(88.06)151(67.71)20(86.96)280(75.88)
粉尘螨48(85.71)61(91.04)154(69.06)10(43.48)273(73.98)
屋尘12(21.43)15(22.39)29(13.00)15(65.22)71(19.24)
链格孢霉15(26.79)19(28.36)6(2.69)1(4.35)41(11.11)
猫皮屑3(5.36)5(7.46)16(7.17)1(4.35)25(6.78)
狗皮屑3(5.36)3(4.48)6(2.69)012(3.25)
德国小蠊1(1.79)2(2.99)12(5.38)1(4.35)16(4.34)
柳树1(1.79)01(0.45)02(0.54)
豚草1(1.79)3(4.48)9(4.04)013(3.52)
艾蒿2(3.57)3(4.48)10(4.48)015(4.07)

Table 2

Distribution of allergen mono-sensitization in patients with allergic rhinitis among all age groups(n)"

变应原儿童组（n=56）少年组(n=67)青年组(n=223)中老年组(n=23)合计（n=369）
合计6424741
户尘螨10056
粉尘螨3016120
屋尘00011
链格孢霉23005
猫皮屑00202
狗皮屑00101
德国小蠊00000
柳树00101
豚草01203
艾蒿00202

Table 3

Numbers of allergen sensitization in patients with allergic rhinitis among all age groups(n)"

变应原数儿童组（n=56）少年组(n=67)青年组(n=223)中老年组(n=23)合计（n=369）
合计566722323369
16424741
24231845
334411407222
471720044
5327113
611002
710001
800000
900101

Table 4

Serum specific IgE levels ≥ grade 3 in patients with allergic rhinitis among all age groups[n（%）]"

变应原儿童组（n=56）少年组(n=67)青年组(n=223)中老年组(n=23)合计（n=369）
户尘螨44(78.57)50(74.63)79(35.43)15(65.22)188(50.95)
粉尘螨44(78.57)53(79.10)100(44.84)8(34.78)205(55.56)
屋尘002(0.90)02(0.54)
链格孢霉8(14.29)15(22.39)2(0.90)025(6.78)
猫皮屑01(1.49)1(0.45)02(0.54)
狗皮屑1(1.79)1(1.49)1(0.45)03(0.81)
德国小蠊01(1.49)1(0.45)02(0.54)
柳树00000
豚草002(0.90)02(0.54)
艾蒿007(3.14)07(1.90)
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