Abstract: Objective To objectively and scientifically evaluate the efficacy of "Yishi mixture", so as to guide clinical treatment of amblyopia in children. Methods A total of 61 eyes of 36 patients based on inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. 27 eyes in the control group received routine treatment including vision correction and training from fine work and 34 eyes in the treatment group were treated with "Yishi mixture" based on routine treatment, 4 weeks as a course, and 3 course in total. At the beginning of treatment and at the end of 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the treatment, vision was determined, before the treatment and at the end of 3 therapeutic courses optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to determine the neurosensory retinal thickness in the macula. Results 1. After 3 courses of therapy, of the treatment group, the effective rate was 85.3% and the main cure rate was 52.9%; of the control group (27 eyes), the effective rate was 59.3% and the main cure rate was 29.6% (P<0.05), especially for ametropic amblyopia and moderate amblyopia. 2. After the treatment, the neurosensory retinal thickness in the macula and the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness had a decrease tendency in different degrees, especially in the inferior inner macula, superior, nasal and inferior outer macula. Conclusion As an adjuvant therapy, the "Yishi mixture" can significantly improve the cure rate of amblyopia in children, shorten the treatment time, and plays some role in improving the form and function of retina and visual cortex.

Key words: Chinese materia medica, Optical coherence tomography, Yishi mixture, Amblyopia