青岛市西部城区春季花粉症调查分析

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2017.274

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查青岛市区西部春季气传致敏花粉的种类和含量及其与花粉症发病的相关性,探讨引起春季花粉症的主要致敏花粉及临床特点。方法 2015年3月1日至6月30日采用花粉采样器重力沉降法进行空气曝片花粉调查;对通过变应原皮内试验、鼻黏膜激发试验确诊的126例春季花粉症患者进行临床调查分析。结果 2015年3月至6月青岛市西部城区春季花粉为7 486粒,主要气传花粉为松属、悬铃木属、桦木科、构属、杨属等;126例春季花粉症中有 43 例合并哮喘,占34.13%;并发眼结膜炎89例,占70.63%; 发生严重过敏反应1例。春季花粉症皮试结果得出悬铃木属花粉的阳性率最高,为 38.10%,其次为杨属35.72%,松属32.53%,桦属30.16%。结论青岛市西部城区春季主要致敏花粉是悬铃木属、杨属、松属、桦属,是引起春季花粉症的主要病因。

关键词: 春季花粉症, 哮喘, 气传花粉

Abstract: Objective To investigate the classification of airborne pollens that cause pollinosis, the amounts of airborne pollens in spring in Qingdao west district were measured and their relationship with pollinosis was examined. Methods Airborne pollens were collected using the gravity precipitation method by Yes sampler from March to June in 2015. In addition, 126 patients were diagnosed with spring pollinosis on the basis of results of intradermal skin tests and specific intranasal provocation tests with pollen allergens. Results A total of 7486 pollen grains were collected from March to June in 2015. Most of the pollens collected were of Pinus, followed by Broussonetia, Betula, Broussonetia, and Populus. The skin test results showed that the highest positivity rate was that for the pollen of Platanus(38.10%), followed by Poplar(35.72%), Pinus(32.53%), and Betula(30.16%). These woody pollens were major allergenic pollens in spring in the west district of Qingdao city. Among the 126 cases of spring pollinosis, 43(34.13%)were complicated with asthma, 89(70.63%)cases were associated with allergic conjunctivitis and 1(0.79%)had a severe allergic reaction(anaphylaxis). Conclusion The main sensitized pollens in spring in the western part of Qingdao are those of Platycladus, Populus, Pinus, and Betula, which are the main causes of spring pollinosis.

Key words: Airborne pollens, Spring pollinosis, Asthma

中图分类号:

R765.2

刘杰,曲辉,鹿道温,辛华秀,郭艳丽. 青岛市西部城区春季花粉症调查分析[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2018, 32(2): 70-72.

LIU Jie, QU Hui, LU Daowen, XIN Huaxiu, GUO Yanli. Spring pollinosis in Qingdao west district[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2018, 32(2): 70-72.

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