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Table of Content

    16 June 2012 Volume 26 Issue 3
      
    Articles
    Determination of erythrocyte complement receptor type 1 in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome
    SUN Ying-zhen, FAN Xian-liang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  2-4. 
    Abstract ( 1014 )   PDF (1040KB) ( 1002 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the changes and clinical significance of erythrocytic immune function in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods   30 cases of OSAHS and 30 cases of healthy controls were recruited. The level of erythrocyte complement receptor type 1(ECR1) was assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results   Expression of ECR1 was obviously lower in OSAHS children (P<0.05) , and the level of erythrocyte complement receptor type 1 was negatively related to the apnea hypopnea index(AHI) but positively to the lowest oxygen saturation(LSaO2). Conclusion   The erythrocytic immune function in the children with OSAHS is reduced and related with AHI and LSaO2, which may a cast negative effect on the whole immune system.

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    LI Ping
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  5-6. 
    Abstract ( 1067 )   PDF (970KB) ( 1376 )   Save
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    One-stage nasal surgery and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for obstructive sleep apnea-hyponea syndrome
    PANG Tai-zhong, WU Yun-gang, LI Xiao-yu, MA Lin-xiang, DING De-tao, HUANG Meng-meng, WANG Cai-hua, ZHANG Yong-hong, ZHANG Hui
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  7-9. 
    Abstract ( 1011 )   PDF (943KB) ( 2841 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the clinical efficacy of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP) with nasal surgery for patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS). Methods   40 OSAHS patients were divided into the A or B group, in which group A underwent UPPP with nasal surgery, which group B underwent only UPPP. The clinical results and the average apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) before and after the operation were compared. Results   The average AHI were all decreased, however, the result of group A was better than the group B 6 months after the operation. Conclusion   UPPP with nasal  surgery is an available and relatively safe surgical approach for the OSAHS patients with nasal obstruction.

    Effect of ambroxol hydrochloride on secretory otitis media: A  meta-analysis
    HOU Sen1, YANG Hai-zhen2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  10-12. 
    Abstract ( 1606 )   PDF (1514KB) ( 1195 )   Save
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    Objective   To evaluate the effects of ambroxol hydrochloride on secretory otitis media. Methods   Randomized, controlled trials(RCT) of ambroxol hydrochloride in the treatment of secretory otitis media, published in Pubmed, CNKI and Wanfang databases, were collected. The methodological quality of the trials and the valid data were evaluated by Meta-analysis. Results   14 RCT and 1412 patients were included in this study. Meta analysis showed that the treatment group was better than the control. The general OR and 95%CI for the overall efficacy was 2.74(2.103.57). Conclusion   Ambroxol hydrochloride can improve the treatment of secretory otitis media,however, there were still some side effects found in the large sample, multi-center study.

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    DOU Xiao-qing1, CHEN Xian-ming2, LIANG Yong-hui2, ZHANG Li-wei2, LUO Bi-qiang2, DENG Yi-hong2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  13-16. 
    Abstract ( 1006 )   PDF (1859KB) ( 1309 )   Save
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    Variations of bdnf and c-fos and their proteins in the auditory pathway induced by auditory deprivation and intracochlear electrical stimulation in infant rats
    LU Zhen-dong1, YANG Jun2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  17-23. 
    Abstract ( 922 )   PDF (2399KB) ( 1587 )   Save
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    Objective   o observe variations of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) and c-fos and their proteins induced by auditory deprivation and intracochlear electrical stimulation in the auditory cortex, inferior colliculus and cochlear nucleus in infant rats. Methods   Sixty-six SD infant rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:the 4-week group(group A1), the 6-week group (group B1)with injection of ototoxic drug and their homologus control group(group A2,B2), the 3-week group(group C), and the 5-week group(group D)with injection of ototoxic drug with intracochlear electrical stimulation for one week. Each group consisted of 11 rats. Gentamicin sulphate (350mg/kg body weight) and frusemide (200mg/kg body weight) were subcutaneously injected in the skin folds on the lateral abdominal side and the dorsal neck area. Expressions of mRNAs and proteins encoded by bdnf and c-fos were detected by real-time PCR and immunohistological staining. Results   Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry revealed that expressions of mRNAs and proteins encoded by bdnf and c-fos significantly increased in group A1 as compared to group A2, and decreased as compared to group C (P<0.05), in the auditory cortex, inferior colliculus and cochlear nucleus. However, expressions of them significantly decreased in the group B1 as compared to group B2 and group D (P<0.05). Conclusion   Auditory deprivation results in expressions of mRNAs and proteins encoded by bdnf and c-fos increas in early stage and decreasing in the later stage in auditory cortex, inferior colliculus and cochlear nucleus. Intracochlear electrical stimulation makes expression of them increase in rats with auditory deprivation. The dynamic variations of bdnf and c-fos and their proteins reflected the plasticity in neurons of the auditory pathway.

    Treatment of laryngeal papilloma with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with the IFN-γ gene
    CHEN Yong, XIE Xiu-fang, LIU Fang, JIANG Yi, LI Rui-yu
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  24-27. 
    Abstract ( 861 )   PDF (1502KB) ( 1263 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the treatment of laryngeal papilloma with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transfected with the IFN-γ gene. Methods   The IFN-γ gene was transfected into BMSCs by  recombinant adenoviruses Ad5-IFN-γ-GFP and expression of IFN-γ in supernatant was detected by Western Blot. The IFN-γ genetransfected BMSCs were injected into laryngeal tissues of mice. On the first, third, 7th, 14th and 28th day, the marrow and laryngeal tissues of mice were obtained and the levels of the IFN-γ gene in these tissues were detected via Real-time PCR. All data were analyzed with SPSS13.0. Results   Expression of IFN-γ in cell supernatant peaked when the multiplicity of infection (MOI) was 100 and transfection time was 72h. Almost no expression of IFN-γ in the marrow and laryngeal tissues of mice was identified if the blank medium or untransfected mice bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs) were injected. But, the levels of IFN-γ in the marrow and laryngeal tissues of mice increased significantly after mBMSCs transfected with recombinant adenoviruses Ad5-IFN-γ-GFP were injected, and expression increased in an injection-time dependent manner. Conclusion   IFN-γ gene-transfected BMSCs can promote expression of MHCⅠ and Ⅱ on the surface of tumor cells and further enhance the immune function and anti-tumor effect. Compared with exogenous IFN-γ treatment, it showed less poisonous effects and longer expression. Moreover, it is very safe due to that the IFN-γ encoding gene is not integrated into the whole chromosome genome. Therefore, the IFN-γ gene-transfected BMSCs are promising for the therapy of laryngeal tumors.

    Relationship of TGF-β1G-800A and C-509T polymorphisms to susceptibility of papillary thyroid carcinoma
    WANG Xin-ru1,2, LIU Zhi-yan3, LI Li-zhen1, HUANG Tao2, XIA Bin4, LI Fang-lin1,2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  28-32. 
    Abstract ( 1213 )   PDF (1097KB) ( 1307 )   Save
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    Objective   To observe single nucleotide polymorphisms of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) G-800A and C-509T, and to analyze the relationship between different types of their polymorphisms and susceptibility of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in Han adults in Jinan city. Methods   Distribution of alleles of TGF-β1 G-800A and C-509T SNP were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP). The linkage disequilibrium relationships were observed between susceptibility of the PTC and TGF-β1 G-800A and C-509T polymorphisms in a case-control study. Results   TGF β-1 C-509 T and G-800 A linkage equilibrium factors are D′= 0.75, r2=0.83, P=0.03; In a population of Han located in Jinan city: adjusted by wild type GC, number of T GF β-1 GT haploid type, in both PTC patients and control, OR was 2.206(P<0.0001), this demonstrated that GT haploid type strengthened PTC susceptibility; The TGF β-1 G/G + C/C genotype,adjusted by non-mutated TGF β-1 G/G + C/C in both PTC patients and control, OR was 2.437(P=0.010). This demonstrated that the TGF β-1 G/A+T/T genotype enhanced PTC susceptibility; TGF β-1 C-509 T T/T was related to the wild type  C/C, OR=3.826, P<0.0001, that demonstrated that the TGF β-1 C-509 T T/T haploid type strengthened PTC susceptibility. Conclusion   In the Jinan Han ethnic group, the TGF-β 1 haploid type GT and merged genotype GA+TT increased PTC susceptibility. Also, the TGF β1 C509 T T/T genotype significantly increased susceptibility to PTC. TGF-β1 in G-800A, and C-509T chain single nucleotide polymorphisms can be used as markers for individual monitoring. TGFβ1 C-509T was closely related to high risk of PTC and might be a therapeutic target in PTC.

    Biological behavior evaluation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells that survived from multiple 5-ALA mediated photodynamic therapies
    HU Ke-jin1, TANG Yao-yun2, ZHAO Su-ping2. 1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  33-36. 
    Abstract ( 1042 )   PDF (1395KB) ( 1485 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the biological behavior of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)cell CNE2 and 5-8F that survived from multiple 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) mediated PDTs (5-ALA-PDTs). Methods   CNE2 and 5-8F cells were discontinuously treated with median lethal dosage PDT 3 times, surviving cells were collected for culture, then to evaluate the change of proliferation, migration, adhesion and expressions of Ang-1 and Ang-2 in these cells were evaluated. Results   The CNE2 and 5-8F cells that survived from multiple 5-ALA-PDTs showed a lower level of proliferation, migration, adhesion and expressions of Ang-1 and Ang-2(P<0.05). Conclusion   Multiple 5-ALA-PDTs could stably decrease the malignant biological behavior of surviving NPC cells, having potential value of reducing lymphatic metastasis.

    Clinical analysis of 11 cases of malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity and sinus
    ZHENG Jiong, SHAN Ying-jun
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  37-39. 
    Abstract ( 1142 )   PDF (1551KB) ( 1442 )   Save
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    Objective   To evaluate the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity and sinus. Methods   The clinical data and information of 11 cases of sinonasal melanoma enrolled in our hospital from January 2000 to November 2011 were reviewed. Results   The patients were 7 males and 4 females, aged from 46 to 82 years(mean 65.7 years). 7 patients received surgery plus radiotherapy, 2 surgery plus chemotherapy, 1 surgery  alone and 1 chemotherapy alone. The 1,2 and 3year survival rates post-operation were 81.82%, 36.37%, and 9.09%. Immunohistochemical staining is important in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Conclusion   The key to better prognosis is early diagnosis and reasonable treatment.

    Effect of Azithromycin on NF-kBp65 and IL-8 in nasal mucosa of chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery
    BAI Yong1, LI Na2, ZHAO Shen-lin1, ZHANG Min1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  40-44. 
    Abstract ( 1069 )   PDF (1371KB) ( 1102 )   Save
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    Objective   To observe the effect of azithromycin on expressions of NF-kBp65 and IL-8 in nasal mucosa of chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods   45 patients with chronic sinusitis and/or nasal polyps who were treated with endoscopic surgery 2 weeks previously were divided into 3 groups: 15 patients treated with local glucocorticoid as the control group, 15 patients were added with cephalosporin(500mg, once a day) as another control group, others were added with Azithromycin(500mg, once a day) as the experimental group. The PV-6000 immunohistochemical method was applied to explore expressions of NF-kBp65 and IL-8 in nasal mucosa before and after 3-week medical therapy while counting the quantity of positive cells. Results   Chronic inflammation was observed in nasal mucosa after endoscopic sinus surgery by HE staining. There were many inflammatory cells such as neutrophil cells and eosinophil cells under the mucosal epithelium, and the neutrophil cells were the key cells. Expression of NF-kBp65 was positive in the cytoplasm and some nuclei of the mucosal epithelia and the inflammatory cells in nasal mucosa. Expression of IL-8 was positive in the cytoplasm of the mucosal epithelia and inflammatory cells in nasal mucosa. Expressions of NF-kBp65 and IL-8 were significantly reduced in the mucosal epithelia and inflammatory cells of nasal mucosa after 3 weeks medical treatment compared with that of pre-treatment in the three groups(P<0.05).  The difference of expressions of NF-kBp65 and IL-8 in the mucosal epithelia and inflammatory cells of the nasal mucosa were statistically significant in the azithromycin group compared with the cephalosporin group and the control group after treatment(P<0.05).There were no statistical significance of expressions of NF-kBp65 and IL-8 in the mucosal epithelia and inflammatory cells of the nasal mucosa between the cephalosporin group and the control group after treatment(P>0.05). Conclusion   Azithromycin in combination with local glucocorticoid is better than glucocorticoid to inhibit expressions of NF-kBp65 and IL-8 in mucosal epithelia and inflammatory cells in nasal mucosa of chronic sinusitis and/or nasal polyps after endoscopic sinus surgery. It is an effective method to cure chronic inflammation of nasal mucosa in the nasal cavity after endoscopic sinus surgery.

    Analysis and research of clinical features of aspirin intolerance triad
    WANG Chang-qing1, LI Xin-ping1, ZHAO Wen-min1, WANG Zhong1, ZENG Hong-bin1, ZHANG Hua1, LIU Li-zhong2.
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  45-47. 
    Abstract ( 1630 )   PDF (942KB) ( 1285 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate clinical characteristics and improve the level of diagnosis, treatment and prevention in patients with aspirin intolerance triad. Methods   A retrospective study of the clinical data and analysis of literature was performed on 35 cases of AIT(aspirin intolerance triad). ResultsT   here were 13 males(37%) and 22 females(63%) with a ratio of  0.59∶1(M∶F). The age ranged from 21 years to 69 years (average 36±16 years). In view of the type of drug intolerance, 25 cases were the salicylic acid-type, accounting for 71%, mainly to aspirin; 2 cases the propionic acid-type, accounting for 6%, mainly to naproxen; 8 cases the pyrazole ketones, accounted for 23%, mainly to analgin; and no anti-acid, oxicams, or coxibs. In clinical type: 11 cases were the rhinitis foundation, accounting for 32%; 19 cases the asthma starts, accounting for 54%; and 5 cases the asthma foundation, accounting for 14%(37%). 25 cases had CT examination which revealed a regular sinus sinusitis or whole multiple group-oriented. 23 had FESS were routinely cured, pathological examination of 13 cases (57%) showed dropsy , 6 cases (26%) gland pouch soak, and 4 cases(17%) textile fiber. The other 12 cases were discharged with improvement after anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic treatment. Conclusion   Early prevention, diagnosis, and rational treatment are helpful in improving the diagnosis and treatment of AIT.

    Endoscopic surgery for frontal sinus diseases
    YANG Hong-bin1, LI Qiu-mei2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  48-49. 
    Abstract ( 1153 )   PDF (927KB) ( 1298 )   Save
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    Objective   To explore the indications, methods and efficacy of endoscopic frontal sinus surgery. Methods   76 patients had frontal sinus diseases as confirmed by CT, of whom 9 were frontal mucoceles, 7 were frontal sinusitis, 5 were fungal frontal sinusitis, and 55 were frontal sinusitis combine nasal polyps. Frontal sinus drainage of Draf Ⅰ, Ⅱa/b, and Ⅲ were performed. Results   All patients were followed up by endoscopy for 6 months. Among them, 38 sides were cured by Draf Ⅰ, 21 sides cured by Draf Ⅱa, 17 sides  cured by Draf Ⅱb, and 2 sides were cured by  Draf Ⅲ. Conclusion   CT scanning is a basic landmark for endoscopic surgery to identify the ostium of the frontal sinus. Removing the frontal recess lesions and keeping the drainage passage of the frontal sinus are key points to cure frontal sinus diseases.     

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    ZHANG Chao-ming.
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  50-50. 
    Abstract ( 1259 )   PDF (951KB) ( 1705 )   Save
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    Treatment following  failure  of  external  dacryocystorhiostomy  by  nasal endoscopy
    LI Yu-guang, LIU Feng-ying
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  51-53. 
    Abstract ( 1381 )   PDF (933KB) ( 1246 )   Save
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    Objective   To explore the reason for failure of external dacryocystorhinostomy and the treatment methods. Methods   By nasal endoscopy, the fistula was treated based on various cloggings in 25 patients who had failed an external dacryocystorhinostomy. Results   Followed up for 6-12 months, eye symptoms completely disappeared in 19 out of 25 patients, relieved in 4 eyes but were not changed in 2 eyes. Conclusion   Examination and treatment of fistula by nasal endoscopy can improve surgery efficacy in patient that failed external dacryocystorhinostomy.

    Multipoint hoop to treat internal jugular phlebectasia in children
    LIU Hong-zhen1, LI Ai-wu1, ZHANG Qiang-ye1, ZHANG Fan2, ZHANG Wen-tong1, CUI Xin-hai1, WANG Ke-lai1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  54-56. 
    Abstract ( 1469 )   PDF (1130KB) ( 2274 )   Save
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    Objective   To evaluate the efficacy and method of multipoint hoop treatment the internal jugular phlebectasia (IJP) in children. Methods   A retrospective analysis was performed in 15 cases of internal jugular vein phlebectasia patients from August 2005 to October 2010. Surgical intervention confirmed the jugular veins involved 1 case on the left side,12 cases on the right side and 2 cases bilateral. According to the length of the vein, there were 4 to 6 silk threads to go around the vein and each line was about 1 cm apart. Before the ligation, a 1 centimeter silicon tube bracket was placed around the internal jugular vein to keep it open and prevent it from over-dilatation. Results   All of the children were discharged with healing, and were followed up for 10 months to 5 years without recurrence. Conclusion   Multipoint hoop of phlebectasia might be a simple and comfortable procedure for jugular vein phlebectasia. It can maintain the normal flow inside the vessel, especially in bilateral cases.

    Closed laryngotracheal trauma (27 cases report)
    REN Qing, WANG Jing-he, LIU Jing-ren
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  57-58. 
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    Objective   To investigate the clinical characteristics of closed laryngotracheal trauma, and summarize the methods for the diagnosis and treatment. Methods   27  patients, who suffered from severe fracture of the laryngeal cartilage  and Ⅲ  inspiratory dyspnea,  received the operation. Results   25 cases achieved good results, except for one death and one postoperative laryngeal stenosis. Conclusion   Closed laryngotracheal trauma must be paid attention to. It is necessary for further investigation on the operation and the postoperatvie managements.

    Modified surgery of cervical lymphangioma in adults
    LIN Zhen-hua, MO Song-ping, CHEN Zhen-qing, YANG Li-ming, FU Shi-nan, PENG Feng
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  59-60. 
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    Objective   To discuss the surgical treatment of cervical lymphangioma. Methods   All the patients with lymphangioma in the neck, from 2003 to 2011 treated at the Otolaryngology Department of Zhaoqing First People′s Hospital, were reviewed. Results   Lymphangioma were completely excised in 9 patients, without any complication, such as nerve injury. There was no recurrence during a 6-month to 8-year follow-up. Conclusion   Surgical treatments of cervical lymphangioma in the adults are safe and effective, which can decrease the recurrence without the increase of complication.

    Diagnosis, misdiagnosis and differential diagnosis of  primary malignant tumors of the tonsil
    CHENG Wei1, CHEN Jian-zhi2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  61-62. 
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    Objective   To investigate the diagnosis,differential diagnosis, cause of clinical and pathological misdiagnosis of primary malignant tumor of the tonsil and measures against the misdiagnosis. Methods   24 cases with malignant tumor of the palatine tonsil from 2000 to 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Results   Pathological types of the malignancy consisted of 8  squamous cell carcinoma(SCC),  15 non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma (NHL, including 10 cases from B-cell and 5 cases from T-cell), and 1 Hodgkin′s lymphoma (HL). Delayed diagnosis was reached in 8 patients(33.33%).  Conclusion   Patients with primary malignant tumor of  the tonsil lack characteristic clinical symptoms. Pathological manifestation is complicated. It is important to perform early biopsy followed by immunohistochemical tests. The main causes of misdiagnosis are nonspecific clinical symptoms and doctors′ lack of awareness. Timely biopsy and detailed history/physical examination are helpful to reduce the misdiagnosis, as well as tonsillectomy.

    Roles of retinal nerve fiber layer and the macular ganglion cell complex thickness in the diagnosis of optic atrophy and evaluation of visual functions determined by optical coherence tomography
    HUAN Yan-wei1,2, YING Liang2, WANG Qian2, DONG Xiao-guang2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  63-67. 
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    Objective   To observe the roles of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and the macular ganglion cell complex (mGCCT) in the diagnosis of optic atrophy and the evaluation of visual function by using frequency domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods   26 normal eyes and 68 sick eyes were selected from 50 patients with optic atrophy. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured for all the eyes and visual field for those whose BCVA was ≥ 0.05. Frequency domain OCT was used to measure mGCCT and RNFLT. The study evaluated the main parameters provided by OCT in the diagnoses of optic atrophy and their relativities to the visual function indices, such as BCVA and visual field. Furthermore, the study explored the capability of these parameters to distinguish normal optic nerves from optic atrophy and the effects  on BCVA. Results   In univariate analysis, mGCCT, general loss of volume(GLV), focal loss of volume(FLV) and RNFLT showed significant correlations with all the evaluation indexes(P<0.05). In multiple analysis these significant correlations were found: average mGCCT and GLV with the diagnosis of optic atrophy, average mGCCT and GLV with BCVA, average mGCCT with visual field mean deviation (MD) and visual field pattern standard deviation (PSD), FLV with visual field MD, and GLV with visual field PSD. Average RNFLT showed no correlations with diagnosis of the optic atrophy, BCVA and visual field (P>0.05). Average mGCCT, superior and inferior average mGCCT, average RNFLT, temporal and superior average RNFLT were accurate to diagnose optic atrophy (0.9<AUC<1.0), while inferior and nasal average RNFLT showed moderate accuracy to the diagnosis (0.7<AUC≤0.9). Among the thickness parameters measured by OCT, average mGCCT was accurate to evaluate BCVA(0.9<AUC<1.0), while the others were moderately accurate (0.7<AUC≤0.9). Conclusion   The parameters provided by frequency domain OCT especially mGCCT are important in the diagnosis of optic atrophy and evaluation of visual functions.

    Curative effect comparison of adjustable suture in different positions in trabeculectomy combined with mitomycin C
    XU Hong1, LI Ming2, YANG Hua3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  68-69. 
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    Objective   To explore the curative effect of adjustable suture in different positions in trabeculectomy combined with mitomycin C. Methods   68 cases (70 eyes) were divided into the observation group and the control group. Adjustable suture was in the bilateral waist of the scleral flap in the observation group (36 eyes) and in the bilateral tips of the scleral flap in the control group (34 eyes). Anterior chamber, filtration, eye-pressure and complications were observed and compared after operation. Results   The anterior chamber, filtration, eye-pressure and complications had no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion   Adjustable suture in the two kinds of positions can both reduce postoperative complications and effectively control eye pressure.

    Laser photocoagulation for local rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
    LIN Lin1, WANG Yu2, WU Chang-long2, SHENG Yan-juan2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  70-71. 
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    Objective   To discuss the clinical effects of 810 nm laser photocoagulation on local rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Methods   34 cases (34 eyes) with local rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were treated with 810nm laser photocoagulation. The vision and reattached retina were assessed after 1 year. Results   1 year after 810nm laser photocoagulation treatment, the retina reattached in 32 eyes and remained unattached in 2 eyes. Retina reattachment was achieved in the 2 eyes after scleral buckling surgery. A new retinal break was found in 3 cases and no further break was found after supplementary laser photocoagulation. No recurrence was found during the follow-up period. Conclusion   810nm laser photocoagulation provides an effective treatment for local rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

    Influence of experimental myopic anisometropia on binocular visual function
    LI Rui-feng1, LIU Gui-xiang2, WAN Lu-qin3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  72-74. 
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    Objective   To investigate the change of binocular visual function after induction of myopic anisometropia. Methods   Pure myopic anisometropia was induced by putting spectacles on the right eyes of 64 teachers who were more than 40 years old from Zhangzhou Health Vocational College and another two colleges, and the effects of myopic anisometropia on the binocular visual function were observed. Results   The mean level of heterophoria was increased when anisometropia exceeded 1.50D (P<0.05 ), and there was no significant change when it was less than 1.50D (P>0.05 ). When anisometropia exceeded 1.50D, the positive numbers of simultaneous vision, fusion and stereopsis were decreased with the increase of anisometropia degree (P<0.05 ). Conclusion   Myopic anisometropia can cause abnormality of binocular visual function, and when anisometropia exceeds or is equal to 1.50D(≥1.50D) it may cause a sharp decline of the binocular visual function. So when we design cataract surgery according to the monocular vision, the implantation of intraocular lens diopter should have a <1.50D myopic anisometropia to get a satisfactory effect in both hyperopia and myopia without influencing the senior visual function.

     

    Clinical features and related environmental factors of children′s myopia
    FANG Wang1, YANG Xian-zeng2, ZHANG Li1, LI Wen-lin1, ZHONG Hui1, CHEN Ling-yan1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  75-78. 
    Abstract ( 1161 )   PDF (1121KB) ( 1778 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the clinical features and risk factors for children′s myopia. Methods   All the children, referred to the eye clinic,  underwent routine ocular examination and dilated refraction. The results were recorded and  analysed. The questionaire on risk factors of myopia was also performed, and the results were analyzed by multifactor logistic regression. Results   In 3771 students, there were 1793 females (47.55%) and 1978  males (52.45%), among them, 9.33% were from kindergarten, 27.82% were from primary school, 45.35% were from junior middle school, and 17.50% were from senior middle school. 2232 students(59.19%)  were confirmed as having myopia by dilating refraction, including 1041 females (58.06%) and 1191 males (60.21%) without significant difference (χ2=10.58, P=0.479). There were 93 from kindergarten (26.42%), 445 from primary school (42.42%), 1179 from junior middle school (68.95%) and 515 from senior middle school (78.03%). Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that the increase of age, average work time per day, average time of TV watching per day, and the distance between the eyes and the book of less than one inch were the risk factors for children′s myopia,  while a longer time of outdoor activities was a the protective factor. Conclusion   The incidence of children′s myopia and refractive diopter increase with age. The awareness of eye healthcare in children should be strengthened. To prevent myopia, it is important to reduce the time of short distance reading and TV watching, increase the time for outdoor activities, and maintain the proper posture in reading and writing.

    Recent developments in assessing the effect of LASIK on the retina
    ZHAO Jing-jing1, YANG Xue-qiu1, ZHUANG Wen-juan2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  79-82. 
    Abstract ( 1088 )   PDF (951KB) ( 759 )   Save
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    The laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is the primary method for the correction of myopia. A transient elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and the impact of laser cutting during LASIK are considered to be probable causes affecting the retina and optic nerve. Basic research confirmed that the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and retinal microstructure changes may occur as a result of the negative pressure suction exceeding 30 seconds. Also, the clinical study supported that the present LASIK would momentarily increase the retinal thickness of the macular central fovea,but it has no significant effect on RNFL thickness.

    Relationship of near-work-induced  transient myopia and myopia development
    LIU Wen
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  83-85. 
    Abstract ( 1293 )   PDF (934KB) ( 1289 )   Save
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    Near-work-induced transient myopia is nearly a similar myopic far point change which is a result of nearwork.It may stimulate a compensatory growth of the vitreous cavity, which leads to the formation of myopia. This paper summarized the currently available literatures in order to clarify the mechanism of myopia development.

    Advances in ophthalmic anterior chamber biological parameters imaging
    ZHANG Wei-hua, GAO Jian-lu
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  86-89. 
    Abstract ( 1006 )   PDF (992KB) ( 1231 )   Save
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     Biological measurement of the anterior chamber plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment in the ophthalmology field, especially in glaucoma, cataract surgery and corneal diseases. Effort to improve the image of the anterior chamber has promoted the development of numerous imaging modalities. The main techniques used for imaging the anterior segment are Pentacam-Scheimpflug, anterior chamber-optical coherence tomography, Orbscan scanning-slit topography and ultrasound bio-microscope. All devices promise quantitative information and qualitative imaging of central anterior chamber depth, perimeter anterior chamber depth and anterior angle. In this paper, a selection of recent advances for the anterior chamber on principles, characters of anterior chamber imaging and their clinical application were reviewed.

    Auricle trauma plastic surgery for repairing experience
    ZHAO Yu, QI Jing, HOU Yan-ke
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  90-91. 
    Abstract ( 966 )   PDF (1178KB) ( 1285 )   Save
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    isdiagnosis and mistreatment of 1 case in esophageal foreign bodies
    YANG Hong-xia
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  92-92. 
    Abstract ( 1028 )   PDF (911KB) ( 1074 )   Save
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    One case of congenital macular coloboma
    FAN Xu, GUAN Juan, ZHAO Hui-ying, WANG Qian, SHENG Yu
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY). 2012, 26(3):  93-94. 
    Abstract ( 1212 )   PDF (1853KB) ( 1433 )   Save
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