山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 97-103.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2024.519

• 上海市第六人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科献礼“六院120周年”纪念专题 • 上一篇    

声门闭合不全的病因及诊疗研究进展

周之航1,刘素茹2,周静1,陈丹1,杨佳静1,刘蕊1,周立3   

  1. 1. 成都中医药大学 临床医学院, 四川 成都 610075;
    2. 上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院 耳鼻咽喉头颈外科/上海市睡眠呼吸障碍疾病重点实验室/上海交通大学耳鼻咽喉研究所, 上海 200233;
    3. 成都中医药大学附属医院/四川省中医医院 耳鼻咽喉科, 四川 成都 610072
  • 发布日期:2025-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 周立. E-mail:20061063@cdutcm.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    成都中医药大学附属医院科研基金(21ZL01)

Etiology and treatment advances in glottic insufficiency

ZHOU Zhihang1, LIU Suru2, ZHOU Jing1, CHEN Dan1, YANG Jiajing1, LIU Rui1, ZHOU Li3   

  1. 1. School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, China2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine / Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing / Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China3. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM / TCM Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
  • Published:2025-06-04

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摘要： 声门闭合不全是指声带在无占位性病变的情况下出现双侧声带不能完全闭合,导致气体“漏出”,主要表现为持续性声音嘶哑、发声无力、气息音,部分患者可出现呛咳、吞咽困难甚至误吸等症状。声门闭合不全的病因包括结构性发声障碍如声带沟、声带瘢痕等,以及调节性发声障碍如声带麻痹、发声疲劳等。临床常用嗓音生活质量相关量表、喉镜检查、嗓音声学分析及电声门图、空气动力学指标等作为评估工具,对疑诊为声带麻痹的患者则采用喉肌电图。声门闭合不全的治疗旨在减小发声时的声门间隙,改善患者的嗓音质量。本文梳理声门闭合不全的常见病因及其治疗方式,总结其最新的诊疗进展,为临床术者提供参考。

关键词: 声门闭合不全, 病因, 诊断, 声带麻痹

Abstract: Glottic insufficiency refers to the incomplete closure of the bilateral vocal cords in the absence of space-occupying lesions, resulting in air "leakage." The primary manifestations include persistent hoarseness, weak phonation, and a breathy voice. Some patients may also exhibit symptoms such as choking, dysphagia, and even aspiration. The etiologies of glottic insufficiency encompass structural voice disorders, such as vocal fold sulcus and vocal fold scarring, as well as regulatory voice disorders, such as vocal fold paralysis and phonatory fatigue. Clinically, assessment tools often include the voice-related quality of life scale, laryngoscopy, acoustic analysis of the voice, electroglottography, and aerodynamic measurements. For patients suspected of having vocal fold paralysis, laryngeal electromyography is employed. The treatment of glottic insufficiency aims to reduce the glottic gap during phonation, thereby improving the patient's voice quality. This paper reviews the common causes and treatment methods for glottic insufficiency, summarizes the latest advancements in diagnosis and treatment, and provides a reference for clinicians.

Key words: Glottic insufficiency, Etiology, Diagnosis, Vocal cord paralysis

中图分类号: 

  • R767.92
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