喉部炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤的研究现状与诊疗进展

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2024.297

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤(inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, IMT)是一种罕见的间叶源性肿瘤,好发于肺部,喉部发生较为少见。喉部IMT的临床表现通常包括声音嘶哑和呼吸困难等,但由于这些症状的非特异性,喉部IMT容易被误诊为其他喉部疾病。病理学特征显示,喉部IMT主要由巨细胞、浆细胞、淋巴细胞等炎症细胞以及纺锤形肿瘤细胞组成,后者呈现光滑肌肉细胞或肌成纤维细胞的表型,且具有不同程度的细胞密集区和血管分布。确诊喉部IMT依赖于影像学检查、病理学评估及免疫组化检测的综合应用。手术切除是治疗喉部IMT的首选方法,对于无法手术或存在复发转移的病例,ALK抑制剂等靶向治疗显示出潜在的治疗效果。肿瘤的大小、分期及切除范围是影响预后的重要因素。本文综述了喉部IMT的发病机制、临床特征、诊断方法及治疗策略等方面的最新研究进展,有助于提高喉部IMT的诊断准确率和治疗效果。

关键词: 炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤, 喉部, 病因, 病理, 治疗

Abstract: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor(IMT)is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that occurs predominantly in the lung, with laryngeal involvement being relatively rare. Clinical manifestations of laryngeal IMT typically include hoarseness and breathing difficulties, which, due to their non-specific nature, often lead to misdiagnoses as other laryngeal conditions. Pathologically, laryngeal IMT is predominantly composed of inflammatory cells such as giant cells, plasma cells, and lymphocytes, together with spindle-shaped tumor cells that exhibit phenotypes of smooth muscle cells or myofibroblasts. These cells are interspersed with varying degrees of cell density and vascular distribution. The definitive diagnosis of laryngeal IMT is based on a combination of imaging studies, pathological evaluation, and immunohistochemical testing.Surgical excision remains the treatment of choice for laryngeal IMT. For cases where surgery is not feasible or there is recurrence or metastasis, targeted therapies, such as ALK inhibitors, have shown potential benefits. Tumor size, staging, and extent of surgical resection are important prognostic factors. This article reviews recent research advancements in the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies for laryngeal IMT, with the aim of improving the precision of diagnosis and effectiveness of treatments for this condition.

Key words: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, Larynx, Etiology, Pathology, Treatment

中图分类号:

R767.19

石金莲,李建兴,黄幼生,林铭轩,刘灵云,卢永田. 喉部炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤的研究现状与诊疗进展[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2025, 39(4): 186-192.

SHI Jinlian, LI Jianxing, HUANG Yousheng, LIN Mingxuan, LIU Lingyun, LU Yongtian. Research status and progress in diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor[J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2025, 39(4): 186-192.

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