Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 1-6.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2023.215

• Original Article •     Next Articles

Cytokine expression among patients with acute secretory otitis media after SARS-CoV-2 infection

FAN Yongjiang1,2, HUANG Wei2, HE Chengshan3, SHEN Haitao3, XU Zheng3, HAO Yanan2   

  1. 1. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China3. Department of Laboratory, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China
  • Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-03-29

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Abstract: Objective We investigated the role of middle ear effusion and serum cytokines in the pathogenesis of acute secretory otitis media caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection in adults. Methods Forty-five adult patients with acute secretory otitis media after SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this study. All patients had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 within the past 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected for cytokine analyses, and cytokines and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid were detected by ear effusion after tympanocentesis, to analyze changes in serum and middle ear effusion cytokines. Results The expression of cytokines IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 in middle ear effusions was significantly elevated relative to their levels in serum(P<0.05); IL-2, IFN-α, IFN-γ and TNF-α expression was not significantly different between serum and middle ear effusion(P>0.05). IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 expression level in middle ear effusion displayed no significant difference between SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals(including suspected positive individuals)and negative individuals(P>0.05). Individuals with mixed hearing loss exhibited significantly elevated IL-6 and IL-8 expression in middle ear effusion than individuals with conductive hearing loss(P<0.05). Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 can infect the middle ear through the eustachian tube and induce middle ear immune cells to produce high levels of cytokines, promoting secretory otitis media. IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were the main inflammatory cytokines that promoted adult acute secretory otitis media caused by the novel coronavirus. IL-6 and IL-8 can be used as primary indicators to predict the severity of impairment of sensory nerve function in patients.

Key words: Adult acute secretory otitis media, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Cytokines

CLC Number: 

  • R764.21
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