关键词: 儿童, 北京, 变应原谱, 变应性鼻炎

Abstract:

Objective   To investigate the inhalant allergen spectrum among 1-12 years old children with allergic rhinitis in Beijing region. Methods   A sensitive quantitative allergen screen system(Allergy Screen)and its allergen diagnosis reagent in vitro were carried out in 663 children(1-12 years old)with allergic rhinitis in BeiJing region for the sIgE of inhalant allergen. The trend of inhaled allergen positive rate in different ages was also observed. Results   ① All the patients showed positive reaction to inhalation allergen. The most common allergen found in patients was mixed fungi(61.4%), followed by house dust mite(32.6%), house dust(28.2%) and mugwort(23.8%) ect. The top three allergens of sIgE≥Ⅲ grade accounting corresponding positive cases were mugwort (70.9%, 112/158), the mixed fungi (63.9%, 260/407) and house dust mite (56.5%, 122/216). ② With the growth of age, the positive rate of mixed fungi was overall downward trend. The positive rate of household dust mites was overall upward trend. Distribution of house dust mite in groups A-D was statistically significant (χ2=17.757，P<0.001). ③ The distribution of mugwort (χ2=10.636，P=0.014), mixed fungi (χ2=8.298，P=0.040) and house dust(χ2=11.681，P=0.005) of sIgE≥Ⅲ grade in A - D groups was statistically significant. ④ The curve of the percentage of a pasture class humulus scandens and dwarf ragweed allergen sIgE≥Ⅲ grade accounted corresponding positive cases was lower than the curve of the mugwort, but higher than the curve of the woody plants tree pollen. ⑤ Patients with single positive allergen of mixed fungi were the most common,followed by dual positive allergens. The most common dual allergens combination was mixed fungi plus house dust mite. Conclusion   The primary allergen in children with allergic rhinitis in Beijing region is mixed fungi. With the growth of age, all kinds of allergens have its trend changes. The allergy strength of fall weed pollen is stronger than pasture, and pasture is stronger than woody plants tree pollen. Single positive allergen is the most common.

Key words: Allergic rhinitis, Beijing, Allergen spectrum, Child