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Efficacy of mometasone furoate and Yupingfeng particles for adenoid hypertrophy in children. J Otolaryngol Ophthalmol Shandong Univ    2017, 31 (2): 73-76.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2016.504 Abstract （10378）      PDF（pc） （1422KB）（961）       Save Objective To explore the efficacy of Mometasone furoate and Yupingfeng particles in adenoid hypertrophy in children. Methods A total of 90 children aged 4-10 years completed 8 weeks treatment were enrolled in a prospective and randomized controlled study. The symptoms and degree of obstruction were evaluated by nasopharyngoscopy conducted pre-treatment and 8weeks post-treatment. Subjects received Mometasone furoate nasal spray alone at a daily dose of 200 μg or combination with Yupingfeng particles by a dose of 5 g twice a day for 8 weeks. Actual data were compared between the two groups. Results With Mometasone treatment, there was an 19.5 percent reduction in total clinical symptom score, and the degree of obstruction dropped from 82.2 to 73.6 percent(P<0.01). With Mometasone and Yupingfeng particles treatment, there was a 31.7 percent reduction in total clinical symptom score, and the degree of obstruction dropped from 85.4 to 71.4 percent(P<0.01). A statistically significant incidence of upper respiratory tract infection was seen in patients treated with Mometasone furoate nasal spray and Yupingfeng particles(16.7%)as compared with Mometasone alone(44.2%). Conclusion Mometasone furoate appears to be effective in treating children with adenoid hypertrophy. In combination with Yupingfeng particles, it can reduce the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel in the treatment of  nasal septum mucosal erosion and epistaxis LI Fu-hong1, FAN Ping2 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2011, 25 (3): 69-70.   Abstract （6710）      PDF（pc） （286KB）（2086）       Save Objective      To observe the efficacy of recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel in the treatment of nasal septum mucosal erosion and epistaxis. Method       Recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel was applied in nasal septum mucosal erosion. Result       The curative rate of 52 cases of nasal septum mucosal erosion was 86.5% in the treatment group and 44.2% in the control group(P<0.01). Conclusion      Recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel in the treatment of nasal septum mucosal erosion and epistaxis obtains a good therapeutic effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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A contrast of the therapeutic effects of Nasonex and Rhinocort in the treatment of allergic rhinitis XIE Xiao-shuai,LI Liang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （6616）      PDF（pc） （254KB）（2045）       Save To investigate the therapeutic effects of Nasonex Nasal Spray(momestasone furoate) and Rhinocort Nasal Spray(budesonide) on allergic rhinitis(AR). Methods160 patients with AR were randomly divided into two groups: the Nasonex group (n=80) were treated with Nasonex once daily (total 200μg) and the Rhinocort group (n=80) were treated with Rhinocort once daily (total 256μg) for 4 weeks. Clinical effects and adverse drug reactions were observed. ResultsThere were statistical differences between the pre-and post-treatment groups (both P＜0.05). The total effective rate was 97.5% in the Nasonex group and 92.5% in the Rhinocort group, however, there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). No severe adverse drug reaction was found in either group. ConclusionsBoth medicines have good therapeutic effects on allergic rhinitis. Either one can be used for allergic rhinitis alone and achieve ideal therapeutic efficacies. Related Articles | Metrics

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Assessment of long-term low-dose clarithromycin for chronic sinusitis FENG Xin-rong,ZHANG Hong-xia,LIU Ying,SUN Zhao-tong JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （5932）            Save Objective: To explore the curative effect of longterm lowdose clarithromycin for chronic sinusitis. Methods: Longterm lowdose clarithromycin was administered in 63 patients with chronic sinusitis from April 2002 to January 2003. The symptoms, nasal endoscopic examination,CT scan of nasal sinuses and the pathology of sinus mucosa were assessed 3 and 6 months later, and the saccharine transit time (ST) was measured to assess the transporting function of nasal mucosa before and after treatment. Results: The 3 and 6month response rates of stuffy nose, runny nose, headache, sense of smell, nasal endoscopy, CT scan and pathology were 66.7% and 73.0 %, 65.1% and 74.6%, 73.5% and 85.3%, 30.0% and 35.0%, 55.8% and 69.2%, 61.4% and 68.4%, 38.5% and 61.5% respectively. The mean ST was 35.5±6.3 minutes before treatment, and 27.8±6.6 minutes and 19.7±7.1 minutes at the 3rd and 6th months. Conclusion: Lowdose clarithromycin for a long term has a salutary effect on chronic sinusitis patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics of computed tomography of fungal rhino-sinusitis ZHENG Jiong, LI Jing JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2014, 28 (5): 45-48.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2014.042 Abstract （5321）      PDF（pc） （1896KB）（1195）       Save Objective To study the CT features of fungal rhino-sinusitis and to assess its diagnostic value. Methods CT features of 47 cases of fungal rhino-sinusitis proved by surgery and pathology from January 2007 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There are 43 cases of unilateral fungal infection and 4 cases of double sides. On CT scanning, soft tissues were presented in all the infected sinuses of all cases, heterogeneous density with spot,strip or lump calcification was presented in 37 cases(78.7%) and homogeneous density was presented in 10 cases(22.2%). There were bones thickening in 39 lesions(83.0%), dwindling of sinus in 20 patients(42.6%), and air bubble in 11 cases(23.4%).In 41 cases that lesions implicated in the maxilla, 33 cases(80.5%) showed obstruction and dilation of maxillary sinus ostium and 15 cases(36.6%)showed damage or resorption of medial wall. Conclusion Fungal rhino-sinusitis has characteristic findings on CT. The major CT findings are heterogeneous density of sinusal cavity with small calcification appeared as spots,floccose,sand-like or patchy shadows and local bone destruction. CT is a valuable method for diagnosis and treatment of fungal rhino-sinusitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Nasonex and montelukast sodium in the treatment of adenoidal hypertrophy: a Meta-analysis GU Tingting, LIU Yan, ZHANG Yue, YU Dan, WEN Lianji Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2021, 35 (1): 47-55.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2020.181 Abstract （4751）      PDF（pc） （6199KB）（400）       Save Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Nasonex and montelukast sodium in the treatment of adenoidal hypertrophy. Methods We conducted a systematic literature search of Pub Med, Wangfang, and the Chinese National Knowledge VIP database 2010-2020 for Nasonex and montelukast sodium treatment in children with adenoidal hypertrophy. Standard articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodological quality of trials was evaluated with the Cochrane Handbook criteria, and the Review Manager 5.3 Revman5.1 software used for Meta-analyses. Finally, eleven articles, describing 865 patients, were selected, and included in the meta-analysis. Results The meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate of Nasonex combined with montelukast sodium(“the combination drug”)was significantly higher than that of Nasonex alone(“the single drug”)in the treatment of adenoidal hypertrophy in children(OR=4.29, 95%CI［2.72, 6.77］, P<0.000 01). The combination drug also caused a significant decrease in the A/N ratio(adeniod/nasopharynx ratio))(MD =-0.06, 95%CI［-0.10, -0.03］, P<0.000 1), and lowered clinical symptoms(MD=-1.40, 95%CI［-1.57, -1.23］). The combination drug significantly improved the quality of sleep in comparison to the single drug(MD=-1.40, 95%CI［-1.60, -1.20］, P<0.000 01). The combination group also demonstrated lower effects on the impact on daily functioning than the single drug group(MD=-1.07, 95%CI［-1.22, -0.93］, P<0.000 01). Conclusion Based on the current research and analysis, Nasonex combined with montelukast sodium has a significant clinical effect in the treatment of adenoidal hypertrophy in children. It is also a better choice to relieve various clinical symptoms and reduce the volume of adenoids than Nasonex alone. There was no literature that reported obvious adverse reactions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of coblation, ultrasonic knife and conventional approach in tonsillectomy. ZHANG Liqing, YANG Cuifang, ZHOU Huaqun, LU Meiping, DONG Weida JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2016, 30 (3): 56-60.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2016.123 Abstract （4684）      PDF（pc） （971KB）（1613）       Save Objective To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of coblation, ultrasonic knife and conventional approach in tonsillectomy. Methods A total of 117 cases in need of tonsillectomy were collected and divided into 3 groups: coblation tonsillectomy group(group A, n=39), ultrasound knife tonsillectomy group(group B, n=39)and the traditional tonsillectomy group(group C, n=39). The operation time, blood loss, postoperative sore throat situation, postoperative primary and secondary bleeding and so on were recorded and compared. Results The operation time was shorter, and intraoperative blood loss was less in group A and B than in group C(P<0.05). The operation time in group A ［(9.92±4.04)min］ was shorter than that ［(15.86±1.36)min］ in group B,(P<0.05). There was no difference in intraoperative blood loss between group A and B(P>0.05). The degree of the pain in the first three days after surgery in group A and in group B was significantly lower than that in group C(P<0.05), but no statistically significant differences were observed after three days(P>0.05). Postoperative throat pain in group A was lighter than that in group B, but there was no significant difference(P>0.05). Postoperative primary hemorrhage occurred in 1 case in group A and C, while secondary hemorrhage occurred in 1, 1 and 2 cases in group A, B and C, respectively. There was no significant difference in the time of pseudo-membrane defulvium among the three groups(P>0.05). Pharyngeal edema score 24 hours after operation in group A and group B was significantly lower than in group C(P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between group A and group B(P>0.05). Conclusion Coblation tonsillectomy is the more safe and effective method, but its cost is relatively high. It is suitable for patients with good economic conditions and high quality of life. Ultrasonic knife tonsillectomy is suggested to be appropriate for patients with adhesive tonsillitis of long duration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Secondary suspended intraocular lens implantation after ocular trauma with lens-vitrectomy ZHANG Jie,XIU Fang-wei,ZHANG Hai-xia JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （4621）      PDF（pc） （243KB）（1714）       Save Objective: To evaluate the effect of secondary suspended intraocular lens implantation after ocular trauma with lens-vitrectomy. Method: Twentyone cases (21eyes) of ocular trauma were subjected to lensvitrectomy, those whose corrected vision was 0.2 or more and intraocular pressure and eyeground were normal were subjected to the secondary suspended intraocular lens implantation 3 to 6 months later. Results: During a followed-up of 1 to 6 months (average 4.5 months), the corrected vision of 6 cases (6 eyes) was up to 0.6 or more, of 10 cases (10 eyes) was up to 0.3 to 0.5, of 4 cases (4 eyes) was between 0.1 to 0.2, and of 1 case was less than 0.1. The postoperative uncorrected vision was significantly higher than the preoperative, but the postoperative corrected vision was not significantly different from the preoperative. Conclusions: Secondary suspended intraocular lens implantation is a reasonable surgery for ocular trauma 3 to 6 months after lens-vitrectomy, but this needs experienced skill and proper cases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Detection and clinical application of nasal nitric oxide Zhiwen CHEN,Lei CHENG Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2019, 33 (3): 124-128.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2019.026 Abstract （4525）   HTML （43）    PDF（pc） （437KB）（2146）       Save Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from arginine by the enzyme family NO synthases. NO is an endogenous modulator of airway function. NO from the nose can constitute a nasal defensive barrier, and keep the sinuses relatively sterile. The most commonly clinical detection of nasal nitricc oxide (nNO) is to directly collect NO with a nasal plug probe placed in the anterior nostril. nNO has been used for the screening diagnosis of cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia. However, nNO is related to many influences such as the plugged extent of the sinus. Dynamic monitoring nNO before and after treatment, and combination with frictional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO）examination to early detect eosinophilic inflmmation in the upper and lower airways are more clinically valuable. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Detection of serum total IgE and allergen-specific IgE in healthy adults and its significance. YUAN Yuan, WU Zhongfei, CHAO Changjiang, LU Meiping, TIAN Huiqin, CHENG Lei JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2016, 30 (4): 34-38.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2016.259 Abstract （4417）      PDF（pc） （1217KB）（2449）       Save Objective To explore the scientific significance and practical application of serum levels of total IgE(tIgE)and allergen-specific IgE(sIgE)in excluding allergen sensitization. Methods A total of 536 volunteers including 347 males and 189 females, aged 19-60 years with median age of 38 years old received the healthy physical examination were recruited in the study. All the subjects had no history and symptoms of allergic diseases as well as systemic diseases. Serum tIgE was detected by the capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The tIgE level ≤100 kU/L represented negative while >100 kU/L positive. Serum sIgE was assessed by means of the Phadiatop test using the fluoroimmunoassay. The Phadiatop class 0 means negative and class ≥1 positive. Results Serum level of tIgE among healthy adults was 1.14-1 703.70(median 37.18)kU/L, and it was significantly higher in males than in females(P=0.001). The negative and positive rates of serum tIgE were 72.52% and 27.48%, respectively. Serum level of sIgE(Phadiatop)among healthy adults was 0.01-59.50(median 0.05)kU/L, which had no significant significance between the male and the female(P=0.154). The negative and positive rates of Phadiatop were 82.09% and 17.91%, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in serum tIgE and sIgE levels among different age groups(P=0.119 and P=0.225, respectively). The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between serum tIgE and sIgE levels was 0.683 with statistical significance(positive correlation, P<0.001). There were 368 subjects(94.85%)with negative Phadiatop and 20 subjects(5.15%)with positive Phadiatop in the serum tIgE negative subjects(n=388), while 75 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报30卷4期 -袁源,等.健康成人血清总IgE和变应原特异性IgE检测及意义 \=-subjects(51.02%)with positive Phadiatop and 72 subjects(48.98 %)with negative Phadiatop in the serum tIgE positive subjects(n=147). Conclusion More than one fourth subjects among healthy adults have a serum tIgE level higher than 100 kU/L, while less than one fifth subjects have a sensitization to inhaled allergens. There is an obvious correlation between the serum levels of tIgE and sIgE. The serum tIgE level below 100 kU/L may have a clinical value to exclude allergen sensitization; however, the sensitized status may not be confirmed when the tIgE level is higher than 100 kU/L, and case history and clinical manifestations also should be considered. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Innervation of the rat endolymphatic sac TAN Jie,ZHANG Rong JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （4366）            Save The endolymphatic sac (ES) is a part of the homeostasisregulating system of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. Factors that influence blood flow in the sac may affect its function. This blood flow may be influenced by autonomic innervation; however，no such innervation has been demonstrated. The purpose of this study is to confirm the existence of the nerve fibres on the endolymphatic sac. Methods: Fifteen healthy Swards white rats were divided into three groups randomly. The temporal bones were taken out and were processed and sectioned by paraffinembedded technique. The sections of ES were stained by the antibody that was not labeled by biotin including the antibody for neurone specific enolase (NSE), antibody for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and antibody for neurofilament (NF). The slides were observed by light microscope. Results： On light microscope, the brown positive staining was observed in the epithelia of ES. However，there was not any positive staining on the negative control slides. Conclusion: Nerve fibers exactly exist in the epithelia of ES. Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between the sinusitis and anatomic variations in ostiomeatal complex. DENG Yuqin, YANG Yaqi, TAO Zezhang, KONG Yonggang, XU Yu, CHEN Shiming JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2016, 30 (2): 46-49.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2015.432 Abstract （4300）      PDF（pc） （1204KB）（708）       Save Objective To analyze the characteristics of chronic paranasal sinusitis CT scans and to discuss the relationship between the anatomic variations in ostiomeatal complex(OMC)and the incidence of chronic pediatric sinusitis and adult sinusitis. Methods 167 cases of diagnosised chronic sinus were selected, age 4-74. The materials of image were divided into the childhood group and the adult group, then were analyzed. Results (1)The most commonly involved sinuses were maxillary sinuses, anterior ethmoids and frontal sinuses,both in the childhood group and the adult group. (2)The results showed no definitive correlation between bony anatomic variations and sinus in children but obvious relatioship between anatomic variations and adult sinus(P<0.05). Conclusion The influence of anatomic variations on the chronic pediatric sinusitis is more greater than on the adult sinusitis. The abnormal images of the sinus cannot stand alone as diagnostic evidence of pediatric sinusitis, it can serve only as confirmatory measures of sinus disease in patients whose clincal histories are supportive of the diagnosis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Normal values of auditory brainstem responses in 3-4 months and 5-6 months old infants YU Chong-xian, YANG Ke-lin, ZHANG Xiao-min, WANG Ping JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2010, 24 (4): 17-20.   Abstract （4245）      PDF（pc） （356KB）（1770）       Save Objective    To investigate normal parameters of the latency and the thresholds of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in infants of 3-6 months old for early treatment. Methods     40 normal infants and 20 normal adults underwent ABR tests. The infants were divided into 2 groups: group A(3-4months) and group B(5-6 months). Each group consisted of 20 infants (40 ears). The ABR data were analyzed to determine normal ranges for ABR. The influences of gender, age and ears on different sides on testing results were analyzed. Results     At 80dB nHL, the range of latency for wave Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ of ABR in 3-4 months old infants was (1.52±0.19) ms, (4.20±0.20) ms, (6.34 ±0.26) ms, respectively; In 5-6 months old infants, the corresponding results were (1.50 ±0.09) ms, (4.05 ±0.16) ms, and (6.16±0.25) ms; In normal adults, counterparts were (1.43±0.10) ms, (3.63±0.15) ms, and (5.50±0.16) ms. The Peak latency (PL) and interval peak latency ( IPL) of infants became shorter with the increase of the age, but failed to reach adult levels even in 56 months old infants. There were significant differences for PL and IPL between group A and control group, and between group B and control group. The PL of wave Ⅲ, Ⅴ and IPL of Ⅰ-Ⅲ,Ⅰ-Ⅴ between group A and group B were significantly different.  PL and IPL of female infants were shorter than the males, except for the IPL of Ⅰ-Ⅲ in group A. There were significant differences in the PL of wave Ⅴ between male and female infants in group A. The data showed that there were significant differences in the PL of Ⅲ, Ⅴ and the IPL of Ⅰ-Ⅴ between male and female infants in group B (P<0.05), but not between the sides of ears (P>0.05). The thresholds of ABR among all infants and adults demonstrated no significant difference. Conclusion     It is necessary to set up normal criteria of ABR for infants so as to diagnose early and follow-up effectively, which makes early interventions possible. Related Articles | Metrics

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A review of squamous cell lines originating from the nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx and larynx FENG Chengmin, JIN Yidan,LIU Hai, WANG Bing Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2021, 35 (6): 113-124.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2020.478 Abstract （4243）      PDF（pc） （470KB）（749）       Save Larynx squamous cell carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck region. The head and neck have complicated anatomical structure, and squamous cell carcinomas with different primary sites have different incidences, strategies of diagnosis and therapy, and even molecular pathogeneses. Therefore, selecting the suitable squamous cell carcinoma cell lines is important for researchers to determine appropriate preclinical research models and to have a better understanding of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and progression. To provide a reference for researchers, this study summarizes the currently available squamous cell carcinoma cell lines originating from the nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx and larynx. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical trial of postaurical drug injection to treat sudden hearing loss JIANG Chao-yong, CAI Yong-ming, YIN Ya-lei JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2014, 28 (6): 18-20.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2014.070 Abstract （4092）      PDF（pc） （912KB）（1130）       Save Objective To evaluate the postaurical injection of corticosteroids to treat sudden hearing loss. Methods 65 patients with sudden hearing loss were divided into postaurical injection group (n=32) and intratympanic administration group (n=33). In addition to conventional medication, two groups were injected dexamethasone 0.5 mg through postaurical or intratympanic approaches on every three days in a 14-day course. Results The hearing improvement in postaurical injection group and intratympanic administration group were 13.2±8.6 dB and 14.6±11.1 dB. Compared to the pre-treatment, the differences were significant in both groups (P<0.05), however, no significant difference were noted between the groups (P>0.05). Adverse reactions occurred less in experimental group than the control (P<0.05). Conclusion Postaurical injection is effective, simple and safe to treat sudden hearing loss, which can serve as an alternative for intratympanic administration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical features of oltactory cleft bleeding ZHAO Shen-lin,ZHAO Yu-feng,SONG Dao-liang,ZHANG Min JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （4089）      PDF（pc） （213KB）（1442）       Save Objective: To investigate the clinical features and management for olfactory cleft bleeding. Method: The clinical features and management for twenty-two patients with olfactory cleft bleeding were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Olfactory cleft bleeding was found in 22 cases, was uncertain in 8, and was induced by internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm in 2. Under an endoscope, burnt and package were performed on 21 cases, ligation of the anterior ethmoid artery on 6, and DSA on 1. Four cases were healed under a conservative condition. Conclusion： Olfactory cleft bleeding is difficult to be found and treated. Nasal endoscopic surgery provides an effective and safe method for it. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of 01% cyclosporin eye drops in combination with sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of dry eye syndrome ZHANG Ju, WU Xin-yi JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2015, 29 (1): 49-51.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2014.342 Abstract （4053）      PDF（pc） （929KB）（1482）       Save Objective To evaluate the effects of 0.1% cyclosporin eye drops in combination with sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of dry eye syndrome. Methods A total of 60 patients (120 eyes) with dry eye syndrome were randomly divided into the experimental group (60 eyes) treated by 0.1%cyclosporin eye drops in combination with sodium hyaluronate eye drops and the control group (60 eyes) treated by bysodium hyaluronate eye drops. Both groups were measured the Schirmer I test(SIt), tear film break-up time(BUT) and corneal fluorescein staining(FLs) before and after a month. Results There were no significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in SIt, BUT and FLs before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, all the indicators of SIt, BUT and FLs of the experimental group and the control group were better than before (P<0.05). The experimental group was superior to the control group in the three indicators (SIt, BUT and FLs)(P<0.05). Conclusion 0.1%cyclosporin eye drops in combination with sodium hyaluronate eye drops is effective in treatment of dry eye, and is superior to bysodium hyaluronate eye drops alone. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The application of hormone injection in tympanic cavity and  its curative effectiveness for the sudden hearing loss LIU He, SUN Zhong-wu JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2012, 26 (5): 33-35.   Abstract （4052）      PDF（pc） （906KB）（2128）       Save Objective    To explore the method and  curative effectiveness of hormone injection into tympanic cavity in the treatment of sudden hearing loss. Method    Seventy subjects(seventy ears) were divided into two groups randomly, including the trial group (40 subjects; 40 ears) and the control group (30 subjects; 30ears). For the trial group, methylprednisolone and lidocaine were injected into the tympanic cavity three times a week in a course of at least two weeks. The audiometric testing was performed before and after the treatment.  The curative effectiveness was evaluated. Results    In the tial groups, tinnitus was improved in 22 ears. With pure tone audiometry, complete or significant improvement was found in 8 ears, moderate improvement in 19 ears and no improvement in 13 ears. Total efficiency was 67.5%。The control group showed no significant improvement(P<0.01). No unexpected adversary event, such as otitis media, perforated tympanic membrane or worsening in hearing, occurred. Conclusion    The injection of Methylprednisolone and lidocaine into tympanic cavity is effective in the treatment of sudden hearing loss. Related Articles | Metrics

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Chemotherapy for esthesioneuroblastoma WANG Jin,YANG Weiyan,WANG Rongguang,HAN Dongyi JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3957）            Save Objective: To analyze the impact of chemotherapy on esthesioneuroblastoma and illustrate the suitable chemotherapy modality. Methods： A retrospective chart review of patients with esthesioneuroblastoma treated with chemotherapy at our department from Mar. 1993 to Jun. 2004, including age, gender, duration, Kadish staging, Hymas grade,therapy modality and outcome, was analyzed. Results： Four male cases, averagely aged 31.5 years, were treated. All patients were in Kadish C stage, and 1 in Hymas grade 2, 2 in Hymas grade 3, and 1 in Hymas grade 4. The main components of chemical drug included etoposide and platin. Chemotherapy was used as primary therapy on 1 case with grade 2, and the patient was still alive with tumor at the end of followup of 6 months. Chemotherapy was used on 3 cases as salvage therapy. Among them, 2 cases with grade 3 were alive without tumor after followups of 48 months and 6 months respectively, and 1 case with grade 4 was alive with tumor after followup of 12 months. Conclusions： Adoption of chemotherapy to treat esthesioneuroblastoma is effective, and the Hymas grade of esthesioneuroblastoma affects the response to chemotherapy. The components of chemical drug should include etoposide and platin. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of 4 surgical methods of adenoidectomy CHEN Xiu-mei, ZHANG Qing-quan, LUAN Jian-gang, SONG Xi-cheng, ZHANG Tian-zhen, WANG Li, LIU Zhong-lu J Otolaryngol Ophthalmol Shandong Univ    2013, 27 (3): 73-76.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2012.352 Abstract （3950）      PDF（pc） （927KB）（1893）       Save Objective   To evaluate four surgical methods of adenoidectomy. Method   Clinical data 138 cases of adenoid hypertrophy were reviewed. Four different surgical methods were applied, including conventional transoral adenoidectomy with a currete(group A, 20 cases),  conventional transoral adenoidectomy with a currete plus punch forceps (group B, 63 cases),  endoscopic adenoidectomy (group C, 25 cases), and plasma ablation(group D, 30 cases). The effects, residue, complication, operation time and blood loss were evaluated  among the methods. Result   The effective rate was 90% for group A, but 100% for the other three groups. The residual rates in descending order were 60% in group A,  6.67% in group D， and zero in both group B and C. Post-op hemorrhage occurred in 4 cases (1 in group A, 2 in group B,  and 1 in group C). 6 cases presented  nasal synechia (4 in group B, 2 in group C) . Operation time of group A and group D were longer than the other two groups. There was no significant difference in  blood loss between the group A and B. The maximal loss was noted in group C, however the minimal loss was in group D. Conclusion   The conventional transoral adenoidectomy with a currete should be abandoned because of the high rate of residue. Though plasma ablation shows the advantages, including short operation time and little blood loss,  cost of this method is one big concern. It can only be applied in the patients who can afford it and give much attention to the blood loss. For the majority of patients, conventional transoral adenoidectomy plus punch forceps or endoscopic adenoidectomy are desirable , which are relatively simple and affordable. Related Articles | Metrics

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Interpretation of the eighth edition of thyroid cancer tumor-node-metastasis staging by American Joint Committee on Cancer. QIU Jie, SUN Shasha, SUN Yan J Otolaryngol Ophthalmol Shandong Univ    2017, 31 (6): 5-8.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2017.039 Abstract （3829）      PDF（pc） （1070KB）（1302）       Save The tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)staging system is currently the most common tumor staging system worldwide. After examining tumors, nodes, and metastases(per TNM staging), the corresponding general stages can be determined, namely, stages Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ. The American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)has developed a TNM staging standard that has been widely recognized and applied. The eighth edition of the tumor TNM staging system released by AJCC will be implemented globally by January 1, 2018. In this paper, the content of the thyroid cancer TNM staging standard in the eighth edition of AJCC and the changes relative to the seventh edition will be interpreted in detail. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cloning and identification of human granulocytemacrophage LI Minxiong,CHEN Shengqiang,LIU Qicai,ZHANG Jianguo JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3806）            Save ［ABSTRACT］Objective: To construct recombinant granulocytemacrophage colonystimulating factor （GMCSF） retrovirus expressing vector by cloning of GMCSF genes from human blood and construct the recombinant plasmids encoding for GMCSF. Methods: Primers for GMCSF were designed and synthesized according to the sequences of human GMCSF genes derived from GenBank. The full length cDNA of GMCSF was cloned by RTPCR techniques. The recombinant plasmids pGEMTGMCSF were constructed by recombinant gene techniques. Results: The length of RTPCR product coincided with that of authors′ anticipation(456bp)，and the recombinant plasmid was confirmed by XbaⅠ /NotⅠ restriction enzyme digesting. The sequencing result of the cDNA was identical to the sequence of GMCSF cDNA in GenBank, and the full length cDNA of human GMCSF was successfully inserted into the vector of pGEMT. Conclusion: The successful cloning of human GMCSF cDNA, as well as construction of its retrovirus expressing vector enables us to further investigate the role of GMCSF in tumor immunogene therapy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Assessment ofquality of life in children with adenoid hypertrophy by OSA-18 questionnaire LONG Chaoqing, YAN Yongyi, RONG Qingfeng JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2015, 29 (3): 13-15.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2014.419 Abstract （3787）      PDF（pc） （1197KB）（1093）       Save Objective To investigate the value of OSA-18 questionnaire in assessment of quality of life in the children with adenoid hypertrophy. Methods Electronic nasopharyngoscopy and polysomnography (PSG) were underwent in 56 children with adenoid hypertrophy, and their quality of life were evaluated by OSA-18 questionnaire. The correlations between adenoid hypertrophy and OSA-18 scores were analyzed. Results The quality of life in 80.36% children with adenoid hypertrophy were significantly affected.Their OSA-18 total score were moderate and severe. There was significant correlation between OSA-18 total score and apneahypopneaindex(AHI), lowestoxygen saturation(LSaO2), and adenoid size. Conclusion There is an obvious correlation between adenoid size and OSA-18 score. OSA-18 questionnaire can be used asan indicatorin assessment of quality of life in the children with adenoid hypertrophy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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ZHANG Qing-quan,SONG Xi-cheng,QU Gui-mei,ZHANG Tian-zhen,SUN Yan,ZHANG Hua JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3626）            Save To explore the diagnosis and treatment of tumor originating from fossae infratemporalis. Method: Two cases of tumor originating from fossae infratemporalis showed by CT were operated on with the side incision within the hair. Result: After tumor removal, the nervi facialis was protected successfully and no recurrence was found following 14 years. Conclusion: For tumor originating from fossae infratemporalis, early symptoms and CT examination are helpful in diagnosing, and side incision within the hair is a good surgery access. Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes in the ocular biometric parameters before and after cycloplegia in juveniles with different degrees of myopia Danfeng ZHANG Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2019, 33 (5): 121-124.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2018.529 Abstract （3626）   HTML （16）    PDF（pc） （493KB）（1090）       Save To analyze the changes in refraction and the ocular biometric parameters with cycloplegia in juveniles with different degrees of myopia. Fifty-six juveniles with myopia, aged from 7 to 17 years, were enrolled from our optometry outpatient center. Before inducing cycloplegia, refraction, accommodation response, and ocular biometric parameters were measured in all subjects by optical biometry (Lenstar900). Refraction and the ocular biometric parameters were measured again after cycloplegia. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the degree of myopia: low myopia group and moderate-to-high myopia group. We analyzed the differences in the ocular biometric parameters between the two groups and the relationship of these parameters with the age. We also compared the differences in refraction and the ocular biometric parameters between before and after cycloplegia, and analyzed the relationship between those differences and the age and accommodation response. Before cycloplegia, there was a statistically significant difference in the axial length (AL) between the two groups, and AL showed a significant positive correlation with the age. There was no statistical difference in the aqueous depth (AD), lens thickness (LT), and pupil diameter (PD) between the two groups, and none of these parameters correlated with the age. The differences in the changes in refraction, LT, AL, and PD before and after cycloplegia between the two groups were not statistically significant; however, the difference in the changes in AD was statistically significant. The differences in the changes in refraction before and after cycloplegia between the two groups were not statistically significant; however, the changes in the AD were significant. Therefore, it is not necessary to measure refraction with cycloplegia in juveniles with myopia; accommodation should be measured instead. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular genetic analysis of the SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G mutation  in patients with non-syndromic hearing loss LI Jian-rui1， LIU Tao1， YAN Jiang-wei2， YANG Ya-ran2， LI Qi3， DAI Pu4 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2011, 25 (4): 32-35.   Abstract （3613）      PDF（pc） （582KB）（1836）       Save Objective      To explore the signification of  genes by analyzing the prevalence of SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G mutation in 95 patients with non-syndromic hearing loss from Erdos， Inner Mongolia． Methods       The medical history of 95 deaf school students was recruited by a questionnaire survey． An  audiological examination was conducted with pure-tone audiometry and acoustic immittance measurement．The SLC26A4 IVS72A>G mutation was identified by both the testing kit with PAGE silver staining and direct sequencing． Results        95 patients with non-syndromic hearing loss(SNHL) were all diagnosed as sensorineural hearing impairment． The positive rate was 10.5%． 6 homozygotes and 4 heterozygotes were found to carry the IVS7-2A>G mutation by testing  with PAGE silver staining． The results were all confirmed by sequence analysis． Conclusions        The rate of the SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G mutation in this group was relatively high． SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G is one of the most important mutation spot in  gene preventive testing for non-syndromic hearing loss. It is also significant evidence for diagnosing Dilated Vestibular Aqueduct Syndrome． The PAGE silver staining method is convenient， inexpensive and suitable． Related Articles | Metrics

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Borderline thyroid tumor in the new World Health Organization classification of 2017. LIU Zhiyan JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2017, 31 (6): 1-4.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2017.037 Abstract （3599）      PDF（pc） （3476KB）（656）       Save The World Health Organization(WHO)classification of endocrine tumors was published on June 26, 2017. The classification of borderline thyroid tumors was proposed and it increased the spectrum of thyroid diseases, which includes hyalinizing trabecular tumors and other encapsulated, follicular-patterned thyroid tumors that are morphologically and behaviorally indeterminate between follicular adenomas and follicular carcinoma/follicular-variant papillary thyroid carcinomas. The latter was further classified into tumors of uncertain malignant potential and non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features, according to whether questionable capsular and/or vascular invasion are present. Tumors of uncertain malignant potential were further divided into well-differentiated tumors with uncertain malignant potential and follicular tumors of uncertain malignant potential according to whether papillary thyroid carcinoma-type nuclear features are present. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Postnasal drip syndrome in 300 cases LI Jia,LI Duo-xian,CHEN Kai, YE Bao-xiang,ZHANG Zhi-xiong,LI Xiong-wen,YE Yuan-hang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3556）      PDF（pc） （275KB）（2650）       Save ObjectiveTo study the etiopathogenisis and clinical manifestations of postnasal drip syndrome. MethodsThe clinic manifestations, treatments and follow-up results of 300 cases in our hospital in recent years were retrospectively analyzed. Postnasal drip is mainly complicated with sinus nasalis and nasopharynx diseases and it often induces chronic cough and various kinds of discomforts in the pharyngeal portion. ResultsAll cases mainly had chronic and various kinds of discomfort in the pharyngeal portion related to sinus nasalis and nasopharynx diseases. Of the total, 243 cases related to diseases in the nasal cavity and the sinus nasalis, of which rhinitis happened in 30, periodic rhinitis in 59, nasosinusitis in 64, nasosinusitis polypus in 77 and tumor in the nasal cavity and the sinus nasalis in 13. Also, 57 cases related to nasopharynx diseases, including 50 cases of inflammatory diseases and 7 cases of neoplastic diseases. The misdiagnosis rate was up to 78.7 percent. After anti-infective treatment, anti-allege, necessary surgeries and radiotherapies, the cough symptoms of 290 cases disappeared and of 10 cases apparently improved. During a 1-2 year follow-up, 8 cases relapsed, but the same treatment measures still had an effect. ConclusionsStrengthening the knowledge of postnasal drip syndrome is an important step to diagnose, reduce the rate of misdiagnosis and guide therapy. In order to reduce the misdiagnosis rate, it is necessary to use the standard check. Also the all-round treatments according to the causes are guarantees for curative effects. Related Articles | Metrics

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Hormones and voice ZHUANG Peiyun, LIU Yunyi Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2021, 35 (3): 5-9.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2020.117 Abstract （3552）      PDF（pc） （2877KB）（288）       Save There is a close relationship between the endocrine system and the voice, and fluctuations in hormone levels have an impact on the shape and structure of the human vocal system, which in turn leads to voice changes. The larynx contains a large number of receptors for sex hormones and thyroid hormones, so sex hormones and thyroid hormones are the two most important hormones that cause voice disorders. Sex hormones have dynamic changes at different stages of human life, which can cause voice changes, which are most obvious in adolescence and old age. Mutational falsetto, also known as puberphonia, is very sensitive to voice training therapy, so it is necessary to be cautious when choosing surgical treatment. Furthermore, the hormone-related drugs has a significant and even irreversible impact on the voice, so caution should be used when using them. In addition, laryngeal mucosa and vocal cord edema caused by hypothyroidism can easily be misdiagnosed as Reinke's edema, which requires attention to distinguish. Finally, otolaryngologists should deepen their understanding of the endocrine problems behind voice disorders in order to more clearly identify the primary disease. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3534）            Save ABSTRACT］Objective: To explore the clinical manifestation, prevention and treatment of large vestbular aqueduct syndrome （LVAS）. Methods: The clinical process of diagnosis and treatment of 18 patients with LVAS confirmed by high resolution CT were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The large caliber resulted in more hearing loss of the ear than the small one in the same patient; for different patients, the caliber size had no relationship with the hearing loss; the results of otoacoustic emission（OAE） was unstable; all patients were proved to have LVAS by CT scan of the temporal bone. Conclusions: The LVAS may be often misdiagnosed. The patients with fluctuative and progressive hearing loss should be examined by high resolution CT scan of the temporal bone. Early diagnosis plays an important role in preserving the patients′ remaining hearing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between sinusitis and adenoid hypertrophy in children ZHANG Liqiang Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2019, 33 (6): 25-28.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2019.058 Abstract （3522）      PDF（pc） （529KB）（419）       Save There is a high incidence rate of sinusitis in children. Adenoid hypertrophy is a common cause of sinusitis in children. Adenoid hypertrophy can affect the occurrence and development of sinusitis by hindering nasal cavity development and nasal drainage, as well as releasing pathogenic bacteria. Sinusitis can cause adenoid hypertrophy through inflammatory stimulation. Allergies can affect both sinusitis and adenoid hypertrophy and might be an important therapeutic target to be considered during treatment.There is a closed relationship between adenoid hypertrophy and pediatric sinusitis. An adenoidectomy can be used to treatrefractory sinusitis in children. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Interpretation of “The Third Edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders(ICSD)”. SHANG Wei JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2016, 30 (5): 18-20.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2016.386 Abstract （3516）      PDF（pc） （1002KB）（2557）       Save The third edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders(ICSD-3)is the key reference for the diagnosis of sleep disorders. ICSD-3 is built on the same basic outline as ICSD-2, preserving the major diagnostic classifications. Significant modifications have been made to the nosology of insomnia, narcolepsy, and sleep-related breathing disorders. Major changes of the manual are reviewed in this article. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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lidocaine combined with retroauricular injection of gastrodine in the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus DI Guohua, LIU Junru, ZHAO Yanxiang, GAO Yingkai JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2015, 29 (6): 5-7.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2015.253 Abstract （3500）      PDF（pc） （893KB）（1354）       Save Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of lidocaine combined with retroauricular injection of gastrodine in the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus. Methods A total of 90 cases of idiopathic tinnitus were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group was treated by two simultaneous methods. The first method used intravenous drip of drugs to nurture nerves and to improve blood circulation in the inner ear. The other one was to combine 2% lidocaine with retroauricular injection of gastrodine. The control group received the first treatment only. One course of treatment lasted for 14 d. All patients were followed up for 3 months. Results The total efficacy of treatment group and control group was 84.44% and 55.56%, respectively. After 3-month of follow-up, the total efficacy of treatment group and control group was 82.22% and 55.11%, respectively. There was statistical difference between the statistics (P<0.05). No obvious adverse effects were observed. Conclusion Combination of 2% lidocaine and gastrodine injection is simple and effective in the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Auditory brainstem implantation CHEN Yan-li， Huang Fang J Otolaryngol Ophthalmol Shandong Univ    2013, 27 (3): 83-86.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2012.316 Abstract （3488）      PDF（pc） （958KB）（2388）       Save Auditory brainstem implant (ABI) is one of the developments in the cochlear implant technology. Its operating principle is similar to artificial cochlear implant. However, rather than stimulating the neural elements in cochlea as artificial cochlear implant, the auditory complex residing in brainstem is stimulated directly. The indications, contraindications, surgical approaches,  methods, complications and hearing improvement of ABI are summarized in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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ZHANG Feng-ying1, YANG Shi-guo2, LI Dong-fang2, GAO Ying-kai1, LIU Qing-ming3. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2012, 26 (1): 93-94.   Abstract （3480）      PDF（pc） （970KB）（1416）       Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation analysis between Ryan index and reflux symptom index and reflux finding score, in the diagnosis of WANG Gang, WU Wei, WANG Lei, LIU Hongdan, XU Xiaohang, XU Bingxin, DING Ruiying, ZHOU Ying, HAN Haolun, GONG Jing,LI Baowei, SUN Zhezhe J Otolaryngol Ophthalmol Shandong Univ    2018, 32 (4): 48-52.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2017.507 Abstract （3403）      PDF（pc） （446KB）（556）       Save Objective To explore the correlation between Ryan index and reflux symptom index(RSI)and reflux finding score(RFS), in the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux diseases. Methods In a retrospective study, the clinical data of 230 patients presenting at the hospital with suffering from laryngopharyngeal discomfort for more than a month, in our hospital from February 2016 to November 2016, were analyzed. All patients were received underwent electronic laryngoscopy, assessment of RSI and RFS, and pharyngeal pH monitoring. Results There were 35 patients(15.2%)whose with positive Ryan index were scorepositive(15.2%). The positive rate of RSI, RFS, RSI or RFS, and RSI and RFS were positive in 46.5%,28.7%,60.9%,and 13.9% of the patients, respectively. The RFS score in the Ryan index positive group was higher than that in the Ryan index negative group, while the RSI score in the Ryan index positive group was not statistically different from that in the Ryan index negative group. The Ryan index positive rates in the RFS, RSI or RFS, and RSI and RFS positive groups were higher than that in the RFS, RSI or RFS, and RSI and RFS negative groups. The kappa values between the Ryan index group and RSI, RFS, RSI or RFS, and RSI and RFS groups were -0.06,0.394,0.116, and 0.172, respectively. When pH monitoring was regarded as the gold standard, the sensitivity of RSI, RFS, RSI or RFS, and RSI and RFS were 37.1%, 74.3%, 82.9%, and 28.6%, respectively; the specificity was were 51.8%, 79.5%, 43.1%, and 88.2%, respectively; the positive predictive values was were 12.1%, 39.4%, 20.7%, and 30.3%, respectively; and the negative predictive values was were 82.1%,94.5%,93.3%,and 87.3%, respectively. The correlation coefficients between RSI and upright and supine Ryan scores were -0.056 and -0.083, respectively; the correlation coefficients between RFS and upright and supine Ryan scores were 0.425 and 0.166, respectively. Conclusion Pharyngeal pH monitoring is an objective and non-invasive method which can reflect laryngopharyngeal reflux directly. There is a positive correlation between the RFS and the Ryan index, however, the consistency of correlation between RFS/RSI and Ryan index were is poor. Further studies research areis needed to get moredevelop an accurate scale and pH diagnostic index for the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Therapeutic effects of retroaurcular injection of lidocaine in pure nerve tinnitus HONG Yan-li, XU Hai-bo, HUANG Cui-lian JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2011, 25 (6): 30-.   Abstract （3365）      PDF（pc） （325KB）（1654）       Save Objective   To explore the clinical effectiveness in the treatment of pure nerve tinnitus with retroaurcular injection of lidocaine. Methods   64 patients were randomly and evenly divided into the treatment group or the control group. In addition to oral medication, the patients in the treatment group were administered with an retroaurcular injection of 2% lidocaine. Results   The effective rate was 87.50%(28/32) in the treatment group, but 56.25%(18/32) in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion   Retroaurcular injection of 2% lidocaine can help alleviate nerve tinnitus. Related Articles | Metrics

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XUE Wei-guo,SUN Jie,JIN Zheng,SHI Wen-bin,XIN Lu,LIN Guo-Jing,LI Jia-yun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3343）            Save To observe the efficacy and safety of the levofloxacin ear drop in the treatment of otitis media. Method: A randomized, doubleblind, multicenter, ofloxacin ear drop controlled trial was performed. Results: The data of 120 patients were analyzed, and 60 patients were in the group of levofloxacin ear drop and the other 60 in the group of ofloxacin ear drop. Efficacy assessment based on symptom score reducing index showed that the efficacy rate of levofloxacin ear drop was 96.67% and that of the ofloxacin ear drop was 85.00%; the eradication rate of pathogens in the group of levofloxacin ear drop was 96.15% and in the group of ofloxacin ear drop was 95.83%. No significant difference was showed between two groups (both P＜0.05). Conclusions: Levofloxacin ear drop is effective and safe in treating otitis media. The efficacy of levofloxacin ear drop is similar to that of ofloxacin ear drop. Related Articles | Metrics

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Combined treatment of chylous leakage after lymph node dissection for thyroid cancer FANG Zhongju, ZHANG Yongxia, ZHAO Jiandong, ZONG Liang, ZHAI Xingyou, LI Xinjian, PENG Xin, REN Nan, CHEN Liwei, LIU Mingbo Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2020, 34 (3): 64-68.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2020.040 Abstract （3321）      PDF（pc） （725KB）（441）       Save Objective To explore the causes and treatment of chyle leakage after lymph node dissection(LND)for thyroid carcinoma. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 647 patients who underwent LND for thyroid carcinoma. For the 11 patients who developed chyle leakage, measures such as intravenous nutrition, low-fat diet, local compression and negative pressure drainage were taken. Results Chylous leakage occurred on day 0.5 to 3 after surgery, and the incidence was 1.7%. The peak drainage of chylous leakage was 120 to 1100 mL/d. Unilateral lobectomy + isthmectomy was performed in 449 cases, total thyroidectomy in 152 cases, and unilateral lobectomy + isthmectomy + contralateral subtotal thyroidectomy in 46 cases. Simple central lymph node dissection was performed in 395 cases, 5 of whom developed chyle leakage, and the incidence was 1.26%(5/395). Lateral neck+central lymphatic dissection was performed in 83 cases, 4 of whom developed chyle leakage, and the incidence was 4.8%(4/83). Upper mediastinal dissection with endoscope was performed in 6 cases, 2 of whom developed chyle leakage, and the incidence was 33.3%(2/6). The ratio of left to right chylous leakage was 7:4. Three patients had relapse dissection(rRLN). When the daily drainage volume was less than 20 mL/d, the drainage tube was removed. The closing time of chylous leakage was 6 to 23 days, median 11 days. No second operation was performed. Conclusion When lymph node dissection for thyroid carcinoma is performed, the procedures should be standardized to prevent chylous leakage. In case chylous leakage occurs, measures such as diet adjustment and negative pressure drainage can help the cure. Surgery must be performed when the conservative treatment is ineffective. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Visual quality and complications after implantation of multifocal intraocular lens WEI Peipei,LI Can Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2021, 35 (2): 141-146.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2020.164 Abstract （3292）      PDF（pc） （995KB）（551）       Save Phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation is one of the main methods of cataract surgery. Currently, there are two types of intraocular lenses: single focus intraocular lens and multifocal intraocular lens. Although the single focus intraocular lens can provide good distance visual acuity, it does not effectively improve intermediate and near visual acuities, and presbyopic glasses are still needed. Based on this limitation, the multifocal intraocular lens was introduced. Our article aims to review the visual quality and complications after the implantation of multifocal intraocular lens. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Lens vault changes and associated factors after implantation of implantable collamer lenses with central flow WAN Bo, LI Donghui, LUO Yan, LI Ying Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2020, 34 (2): 36-41.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2020.008 Abstract （3285）   HTML （40）    PDF（pc） （1740KB）（1019）       Save Objective To investigate the changes to the lens vault(LV)and anterior chamber structures after implantation of implantable collamer lenses(ICL)with central flow in patients with myopia. The relationship between LV and its associated factors, both preoperatively and postoperatively, will also be analyzed. Methods One hundred and forty eyes of 72 patients who underwent ICL implantations were enrolled between January 2015 and January 2017. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure(IOP), corneal endothelial cell count(ECD), refractive outcomes, LV, and other anterior chamber structures were evaluated and compared after 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 1 year, postoperatively. We analyzed the relationship between LV and other anterior chamber structures. Results After 1 year, 73% of eyes had gained 1 or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity, progressively fewer eyes had gained an uncorrected distance visual acuity above 20/20, more than 63% were within±0.5 D of the prospective mean refractive spherical equivalent(MRSE), and more than 86% were within±0.1 D of the prospective MRSE. There were no significant differences in MRSE, IOP, and ECD, postoperatively(p>0.05). No complications occurred during the postoperative time. There were no significant LV differences at 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. Meanwhile, LV had decreased significantly in the first postoperative year and was negatively correlated with age, keratometric power, 500 μm angle open distance, 500 μm trabecular iris space area, and the anterior chamber angle. LV was positively correlated with the white-to-white distance, angle-to-angle distance, anterior chamber depth, axial length, and ICL length. Axial length and ICL length were independent factors of LV. Conclusion Implantations of phakic ICL with center flow are safe, effective, and predictable in correcting myopia. LV decreased significantly at 1 year postoperatively, which correlated with multiple factors, both preoperatively and postoperatively. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Surgical skills required for small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE), and the prevention and management of SMILE-related complications SU Caipei, YANG Yabo Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2020, 34 (2): 13-16.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2020.007 Abstract （3264）   HTML （39）    PDF（pc） （1058KB）（711）       Save The rising incidence of myopia is a major global public-health problem. Small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)is widely accepted by refractive experts and patients, owing to its advantages, such as its flap-free nature, requirement for a small incision, good safety, effectiveness, and predictability. However, SMILE surgery requires corneal micro-surgical skills, and the learning curve is relatively steep. Thus, surgical skills required for SMILE as well as the prevention and management of complications associated with SMILE will be discussed in this article. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on auditory brainstem response YANG Changliang,HUANG Zhiwu,YAO Hangqi,ZHU Yong,SNU Yi JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3249）            Save ［ABSTRACT］Objective： To observe normative auditory brainstem response (ABR) latencyintensity functions and the threshold and provide reference for combined clinical use of air and boneconducted ABR. Methods: ABR absolute thresholds and latencies(Ⅴwaves)were obtained from 56 ears of 28 young persons with normal hearing using both the EARTONE insert earphone and the Radioear B71 bone viboratory. Results: The air and boneconducted waveⅤlatencyintensity functions exhibited increased latencies as intensity decreased. The boneconducted clicks yielded somewhat longer latencies than the airconducted ones. Conclusions: (1) The waves of air and boneconducted ABR are similar, and more information on ascertaining the presence and magnitude of a conductive hearing loss can be obtained when both air and boneconducted ABR wave V latencyintensity functions are administered. (2) When the threshold of boneconducted hearing exceeds approximately to 40 dBHL, no BCABR responses can be observed. (3) Masking is often necessary when administering boneconducted ABR test, but intensity of masking should not exceed to over 60 dBSPL. Related Articles | Metrics

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SUN Zhengliang,JIANG Wen,FENG Xiurong,LIU Yangyun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3220）            Save Objective： To study the incidence rate, position and time of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) leak after traumatic skull base and explore a more effective treatment. Method： The clinical data of 358 patients with traumatic skull base fracture were retrospectively analyzed. Results： CSF leak was found in 88 cases(24.6%), 56 of whom resulted from anterior cranial fossa, 23 from cranial fossa media, and 9 from anteriormiddle cranial fossa. About 64.8% of the CSF leak (57 cases) occurred in 48 hours after fracture, and the latest was found 28 years after fracture. CSF leak was cured by conservative treatment in 73 patients, by once operation in 11, and by twice operations in 3. One patient died of breathing and circulating exhaustion induced by the infection of intracranial part after three times surgeries. Among participants with surgery, 4 was successfully repaired by endoscopy. Conclusion： The response rate of CSF leak seems to have a relationship with the position and duration of fracture . Nasendoscopy has salutary effect on CSF leak for its less sideeffect and exact operation. Related Articles | Metrics

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CHEN He-Xin, ZENG Shu, ZHANG Zhi-Gang, ZHENG Yi-Qiang, PAN Jiao JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2009, 23 (4): 35-37.   Abstract （3184）      PDF（pc） （261KB）（2120）       Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical guidelines for usage of 226- and 1,000-Hz tympanometry in normal neonates YANG Kun,LIU Zhi-qi,HUANG Zhi-wu JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3182）      PDF（pc） （539KB）（1570）       Save To evaluate the clinical characteristics of tympanograms using 226- and 1,000-Hz probe frequencies and to provide a clinical guideline. MethodsHearing of all subjects was screened by means of transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions. Tympanograms, recorded with probe-tone frequencies of 226- and 1,000-Hz, were classified based on the Liden/Jerger model of shapes. Furthermore, equivalent ear canal volume, tympanometric peak pressure and other important tympanometric parameters were calculated for each tympanogram. ResultsBoth ears of the 100 neonates passed the TEOAE Screening. Most tympanograms obtained from the 226 Hz tympanometric data were double-peaked (96.0%). The 1000Hz tympanometric data obtained showed a single - peaked tympangram in 180 ears (90.0%). 174 (87.0%) ears were either double-peaked in 226Hz tympanogram or single-peaked in 1000Hz. 6 ears had a single peak both in 226Hz and in 1,000Hz tympanogram. ConclusionThese results have led to the successful implementation of 1,000-Hz tympanometry in neonatal hearing assessment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study of conbercept in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy LIU Wanzhi, CHEN Jun, FAN Changchun Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University    2018, 32 (6): 88-91.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2018.005 Abstract （3148）      PDF（pc） （411KB）（290）       Save Objective To investigate the effect of preoperative prophylactic injection of conbercept into the vitreous cavity on proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)and to analyze the factors influencing prognosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients(54 eyes)with PDR who underwent vitrectomy from January 2015 to June 2017. Of these, 20 patients(26 eyes, the observation group)received preoperative prophylactic intravitreal injection of conbercept and 20(28 eyes)without treatment were in the control group. The surgical outcomes and prognosis were compared between the 2 groups. Prognosis was evaluated according to the effect on visual improvement, and prognostic factors were analyzed using single and multiple factor analysis. Results The duration of surgery in the observation group was much shorter than in the control group. The incidence of iatrogenic perforation or intraoperative bleeding and the need for intraoperative electrocoagulation or silicone oil filling were much less in the observation group than in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant. There was no significant difference in macular thickness between the 2 groups before surgery. After surgery, the macular thickness in the observation group was much less than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the rate of retinal repositioning, postoperative vitreous reaccumulation, and recovery of visual acuity. Higher preoperative glycated hemoglobin levels and higher preoperative macular thickness were independent risk factors for prognosis. Conclusion Preoperative prophylactic intravitreal injection of conbercept can improve the effect of vitrectomy for PDR patients, and can help reduce complications. However, this measure had no obvious effect on recovery of visual acuity. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Huiwei,FAN Xian-liang,WANG Zhe,ZHANG Hui,JIAN Jing-fen JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3125）            Save Objective: To observe the effect of azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate nasal spray in treatment of allergic rhinitis. Methods: One hundred and nine patients (mean 35.6 yearslod, ranged from 15 to 76 yearslod) with persistent allergic rhinitis were randomized into mild, moderate or severe groups according to the ARIA. Patients of mild group received azelastine hydrochloride or fluticasone propionate one spray per nostril， two times per day for 30 days. Patients of moderate or severe group received azelastine hydrochloride or fluticasone propionate (with a 30minute interval), or their combination. Results: The effect in mild group was not significantly different between azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate(86.36% vs 92.00%, P＞0.05). In moderate or severe groups, the response rate was 66.67%, 73.33% and 96.88% in azelastine hydrochloride (the first group), fluticasone propionate alone(the second group) and their combination (the third group). There was no significant difference between the first and the second groups(P＞0.05). The response rate of the third group was significantly higher than that of the first and the second groups(both P＜0.05). There was no significant difference between the total response rate of azelastine hydrochloride and of fluticasone propionate (83.78% vs 90.00%, P＞0.05). Conclusion: Azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate can be used for the firstline pharmacological treatment of allergic rhinitis, and their combination can be used to treat moderate or Related Articles | Metrics

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Intratympanic steroids to treat refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss(52 cases report) YAN Xiao-ling, MAO Min, ZHAI Jin-ming, CHEN Guan-gui, ZHANG Jian-guo, LIU Qi-ming, XUE Jin-ping JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    2014, 28 (5): 23-26.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2014.045 Abstract （3095）      PDF（pc） （961KB）（1509）       Save Objective To investigate the effect of intratympanic steroids as a salvage method to treat the patients with refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss who did not respond to initial primary systemic steroid therapy. Methods Reviews were performed for 96 patients hospitalized between 2010 and 2013. Among them, 52 patients accepted intratympanic steroids injection, and the remaining 44 patients who refused intratympanic treatment were served as the control group. Mean air conduction at four frequencies (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz) were monitored. Hearing results was compared before and 1 month after the treatment. Results Hearing improvement was defined as more than 10 dB in pure tone average(PTA). The hearing improvement was 30.8%(16 cases) in the intratympanic group but 6.8%(3 cases) in the control (P<0.01). Conclusion Intratympanic steroid injection is an effective therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients who are refractory to primary systemic steroid therapy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Endoscopic rhinoplasty of inferior turbinate in 60 patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis NIU Shanli,CHAI Maowen,LI Zhenxiu JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY)    Abstract （3093）            Save Objective: To investigate the surgical method and the curative effect of inferior turbinate function preservation for chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. Methods: Rhinoplasty of inferior turbinate by endoscopic sinus surgery was operated on 60 patients, on 20 of whom cuneal tissues were performed under mucous membrane of inferior turbinate and partial bone resection, and on 40 of whom cuneal tissues resection was performed. The time of debridement from mucous membrane and the pH value of secretion in nasal cavity were determined before and after operation. Results: Little pain and bleeding were found after operation. The time of debridement for mucous membrane and the pH value of secretion in nasal cavity turned to normal in two months. Conclusion: Rhinoplasty of inferior turbinate by endoscopic sinus surgery is a new operation skill with good effect for chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. Related Articles | Metrics