儿童鼻窦炎与哮喘:统一气道疾病

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2019.061

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鼻窦炎和哮喘是儿童常见的异质性疾病,发病因素多样。慢性鼻窦炎可能是哮喘的危险因素,二者之间存在强关联性。上下气道炎症常伴发,具有共同的病理机制。对此,“统一气道疾病”的理论得到广泛认可。对于哮喘患者,特别是严重哮喘,常伴有鼻窦炎,是影响儿童哮喘严重程度和临床控制的主要合并症之一。对一种疾病的治疗可能会影响另一种疾病的控制,而深入理解病理生理学机制将有助于更好地进行疾病管理。本文从儿童鼻窦炎和哮喘的疾病特征、发病机制、药物治疗以及生物制剂治疗等方面进行讨论。

关键词: 儿童, 慢性鼻窦炎, 哮喘, 统一气道疾病, 2型炎性反应

Abstract: Rhinosinusitis and asthma are common heterogeneous diseases in children and have a number of complex risk factors. It has been reported that chronic rhinosinusitis may contribute to asthma and that there is a close interaction between them. The concept of ‘united airway disease’ has been well accepted, and is supported by the coexistence of upper and lower airway inflammation as well as similar potential mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis. For patients with asthma, particularly those with severe asthma, the presence of rhinosinusitis needs to be detected, as it can influence asthma severity and clinical management. Therefore, controlling rhinosinusitis may benefit asthma. Physicians should be aware of these conditions, and an improved understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms may be useful for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In this article, we discuss the clinical features, pathogenesis, medical intervention, and biological treatment of rhinosinusitis and asthma in children.

Key words: Child, Chronic rhinosinusitis, Asthma, United airway disease, Type 2 inflammation

中图分类号:

R725.6

杨一帆, 程雷. 儿童鼻窦炎与哮喘:统一气道疾病[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2019, 33(6): 10-15.

YANG Yifan, CHENG Lei. Rhinosinusitis and asthma in children: united airway disease[J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2019, 33(6): 10-15.

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