山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 162-170.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.0.2023.222

• 综述 • 上一篇    

单细胞RNA测序技术在视网膜中的研究进展

杨淞月,张美霞   

  1. 四川大学华西医院 眼科, 四川 成都 610041
  • 发布日期:2025-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 张美霞. E-mail:zhangmeixia@scu.edu.cn

Advances in single-cell RNA sequencing in the retina

YANG Songyue, ZHANG Meixia   

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, Chengdu, China
  • Published:2025-01-17

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摘要： 视网膜是充满异质性的组织,其结构复杂,由多种细胞构成,且每个细胞都拥有其独特的转录组信息。以往传统的RNA测序技术实现了对视网膜细胞整体的转录组测序研究。近年来,单细胞RNA测序(single-cell RNA sequencing, scRNA-seq)技术的出现,使我们能够从单个细胞水平出发,对不同视网膜细胞的转录组进行测序和分析,更精准地进行细胞分类,探索其生理功能及发育特点。目前,scRNA-seq主要集中于各种视网膜疾病的机制研究。本文首先对scRNA-seq原理进行简要介绍,随后对scRNA-seq技术在视网膜中的应用研究展开综述,包括视网膜细胞亚型及特异性标志物的发现,视网膜疾病的发病机制,视网膜生长发育的特点,不同部位的视网膜组织以及不同物种视网膜的差异性比较等方面,最后对其未来发展方向进行展望。

关键词: 单细胞RNA测序, 转录组, 异质性, 视网膜, 视网膜病变

Abstract: The retina is a heterogeneous tissue. This intricate structure is composed of various types of cells with distinct transcriptomes. The traditional bulk RNA sequencing has quantified the global transcriptome of retinal cells. In recent years, single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)methods have enabled profiling the transcriptome of retinal cells at a single-cell resolution, improving our understanding of cell classification, physiology, and developmental patterns of the retina. Currently, scRNA-seq is mainly focused on exploring the mechanism of retinal diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the utilization of scRNA-seq in retinal research. It encompasses the delineation of cell subtypes, identification of specific markers, insights into retinal disease pathogenesis, developmental patterns, interspecies and interregional retinal tissue comparisons, as well as a concise introduction to scRNA-seq methodologies and prospective advancements in the field.

Key words: Single-cell RNA sequencing, Transcriptome, Heterogeneity, Retina, Retinopathy

中图分类号: 

  • R774.1
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